English
Related papers

Related papers: Priors for the Bayesian star paradox

200 papers

Gyenis and Redei have demonstrated that any prior p on a finite algebra, however chosen, severely restricts the set of posteriors accessible from p by Jeffrey conditioning on a nontrivial partition. Their demonstration involves showing that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-07 Mark Shattuck , Carl Wagner

It takes years of effort employing the best telescopes and instruments to obtain high-quality stellar photometry, astrometry, and spectroscopy. Stellar evolution models contain the experience of lifetimes of theoretical calculations and…

This perspective chapter briefly surveys: (1) past growth in the use of Bayesian methods in astrophysics; (2) current misconceptions about both frequentist and Bayesian statistical inference that hinder wider adoption of Bayesian methods by…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-07 Thomas J. Loredo

In their seminal 1990 paper, Wasserman and Kadane establish an upper bound for the Bayes' posterior probability of a measurable set $A$, when the prior lies in a class of probability measures $\mathcal{P}$ and the likelihood is precise.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-13 Michele Caprio , Yusuf Sale , Eyke Hüllermeier , Insup Lee

The primes or prime polynomials (over finite fields) are supposed to be distributed `irregularly' , despite nice asymptotic or average behavior. We provide some conjectures/guesses/hypotheses with `evidence' of surprising symmetries in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-22 Dinesh S. Thakur

We studied two probabilistic models of the distribution of primes in the natural number [1].The paper considers the third probabilistic model of the distribution of primes in the natural number. The author proved that the results obtained…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-30 Victor Volfson

A few years ago we identified a recursion that works directly with the gaps among the generators in each stage of Eratosthenes sieve. This recursion provides explicit enumerations of sequences of gaps among the generators, which sequences…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-08-27 Fred B. Holt , Helgi Rudd

Bivariate partial-sums discrete probability distributions are defined. The question of the existence of a limit distribution for iterated partial summations is solved for finite-support bivariate distributions which satisfy conditions under…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-11 Lívia Leššova , Ján Mačutek

Every philosophy has holes, and it is the responsibility of proponents of a philosophy to point out these problems. Here are a few holes in Bayesian data analysis: (1) the usual rules of conditional probability fail in the quantum realm,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-12 Andrew Gelman , Yuling Yao

The aim of this paper, triggered by some discussions in the astrophysics community raised by astro-ph/0508529, is to introduce the issue of `fits' from a probabilistic perspective (also known as Bayesian), with special attention to the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 G. D'Agostini

Predicting outcomes in external domains is challenging due to hidden confounders that potentially influence both predictors and outcomes. Well-established methods frequently rely on stringent assumptions, explicit knowledge about the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-14 Carlos García Meixide , David Ríos Insua

Bayesian parameter inference depends on a choice of prior probability distribution for the parameters in question. The prior which makes the posterior distribution maximally sensitive to data is called the Jeffreys prior, and it is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-25 Steen Hannestad , Thomas Tram

After experimenting with a number of non-probabilistic methods for dealing with uncertainty many researchers reaffirm a preference for probability methods [1] [2], although this remains controversial. The importance of being able to form…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-11 Thomas Slack

All priors are not created equal. There are right and there are wrong priors. That is the main conclusion of this contribution. I use, a cooked-up example designed to create drama, and a typical textbook example to show the pervasiveness of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-13 Carlos C. Rodriguez

The main object of Bayesian statistical inference is the determination of posterior distributions. Sometimes these laws are given for quantities devoid of empirical value. This serious drawback vanishes when one confines oneself to…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-02 Federico Bassetti

In calculations of the probability distribution for the cosmological constant, it has been previously assumed that the a priori probability distribution is essentially constant in the very narrow range that is anthropically allowed. This…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Steven Weinberg

Astronomers generally assume planet-forming disks are aligned with the rotation of their host star. However, recent observations have shown evidence of warping in protoplanetary disks. One can measure the statistical alignment between the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-07 Matthew J. Fields , Andrew W. Mann , Aurora Kesseli , Andrew W. Boyle

Many inverse problems arising in engineering and applied sciences involve unknown quantities with pronounced spatial inhomogeneity, such as localized defects or spatially varying material properties, making reliable uncertainty…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Babak Maboudi Afkham , Tomas Soto , Mirza Karamehmedovic , Lassi Roininen

Aims. We aim at creating a Bayesian model to infer the coefficients of PL or PLZ relations that propagates uncertainties in the observables in a rigorous and well founded way. Methods. We propose a directed acyclic graph to encode the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-27 H. E. Delgado , L. M. Sarro , G. Clementini , T. Muraveva , A. Garofalo

In 2016 Lemke Oliver and Soundararajan examined the gaps between the first hundred million primes and observed biases in their distributions modulo 10. Given our work on the evolution of the populations of various gaps across stages of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Fred B. Holt