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Related papers: The solar, exoplanet and cosmological lithium prob…

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The observations of light elements in the Sun and Solar type stars give special clues for understanding the hydrodynamical processes at work in stellar interiors. In the Sun 7Li is depleted by 140 while 3He has not increased by more than…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sylvie Vauclair

A discrepancy has emerged between the cosmic lithium abundance inferred by the WMAP satellite measurement coupled with the prediction of the standard big-bang nucleosynthesis theory, and the constant Li abundance measured in metal-poor halo…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 L. Monaco , P. Bonifacio , L. Sbordone , S. Villanova , E. Pancino

The $^6$Li abundance observed in metal poor halo stars exhibits a plateau similar to that for $^7$Li suggesting a primordial origin. However, the observed abundance of $^6$Li is a factor of $10^3$ larger and that of $^7$Li is a factor of 3…

The prediction of the PLANCK-constrained primordial lithium abundance in the Universe is in discordance with the observed Li abundances in warm Population II dwarf and subgiant stars. Among the physically best motivated ideas, it has been…

Lithium is one of the few elements produced during the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis in the early universe. Moreover, its fragility makes it useful as a proxy for stellar environmental conditions. As such, the lithium abundance in old systems is…

The cosmological lithium problem -- that theory predicts a primordial abundance far higher than the observed value -- has resisted decades of attempts by cosmologists, nuclear physicists, and astronomers alike to root out systematics. We…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-09-21 Seth Koren

Aims. Exoplanet-host stars (EHS) are known to present superficial chemical abundances different from those of stars without any detected planet (NEHS). EHS are, on the average, overmetallic compared to the Sun. The observations also show…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Castro , S. Vauclair , O. Richard , N. C. Santos

Lithium is an excellent tracer of mixing in stars as it is destroyed (by nuclear reactions) at a temperature around $\sim 2.5\times 10^6$ K. The lithium destruction zone is typically located in the radiative region of a star. If the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Brian Chaboyer

We want to study the effects of the formation of planets and planetary systems on the atmospheric Li abundance of planet host stars. In this work we present new determinations of lithium abundances for 326 Main Sequence stars with and…

While theoretical computations of the lithium abundances in Pop II stars predict variations from star to star, the most recent observations confirm the existence of a "lithium plateau" with no abundance dispersion. This apparent paradox has…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sylvie Vauclair

The observed lithum (Li) abundance of Galactic halo stars mainly fall within the range of 2.0--2.4 dex. This nearly constant value, known as the Spite plateau, is approximately a factor of three lower than the value predicted from cosmic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-27 Wuming Yang , Shuya Dou , Xiangcun Meng , Yaqian Wu , Shaolan Bi

Lithium (Li) is a powerful tracer of stellar mixing, gradually depleted in solar twins by non-standard transport below the convective zone. Here, we identify six new solar twins with exceptionally low Li levels that are not explained by…

A short overview is presented of current issues concerning the production and evolution of Li, Be and B in the Milky Way. It is argued that the currently popular idea that Galactic cosmic rays are accelerated inside metal-rich superbubbles…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nikos Prantzos

Preliminary abundances of lithium and a few other elements have been obtained for 31 field Am stars with good Hipparcos parallaxes, as well as for 36 normal A and F stars. Radial and projected rotational velocities were determined as well.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 P. North , F. Betrix , C. Besson

Un-evolved, very metal-poor stars are the most important tracers of the cosmic abundance of lithium in the early universe. Combining the standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis model with Galactic production through cosmic ray spallation, these…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Karin Lind , Jorge Melendez , Martin Asplund , Remo Collet , Zazralt Magic

The discovery of lithium-rich giants contradicts expectations from canonical stellar evolution. Here we report on the serendipitous discovery of 20 Li-rich giants observed during the Gaia-ESO Survey, which includes the first nine Li-rich…

The WMAP determination of the baryon-to-photon ratio implies, through Big Bang nucleosynthesis, a cosmological Li abundance larger, by a factor of 2 to 3, than the Li abundance plateau observed in the oldest Pop II stars. It is however…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Olivier Richard , Georges Michaud , Jacques Richer

Whether the presence of planets affects the lithium (Li) abundance of their host stars is still an open question. To investigate the difference of the Li abundance between planet-host stars (HS) and isolated stars (IS) with no detected…

The existence of K giant stars with high Li abundance continues to challenge the standard theory of stellar evolution. All recent extensive surveys in the Galaxy show the same result: about 1 % of the mainly normal slow rotating K giants…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-09-25 Ramiro de la Reza , Natalia A. Drake

Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars are believed to show the chemical imprints of more massive stars (M > 0.8 Msun) that are now extinct. In particular, it is expected that the observed abundance of Li should deviate in these stars from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-01 T. Masseron , J. A. Johnson , S. Lucatello , A. Karakas , B. Plez , T. C. Beers , N. Christlieb