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In proper hyperbolic geodetic spaces we construct rooted $\mathbb R$-trees with the following properties. On the one hand, every ray starting at the root is quasi-geodetic; so these $\mathbb R$-trees represent the space itself well. At the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2011-05-20 Matthias Hamann

We prove infinitely many cases of conjectured sharp upper and lower bounds for the spanning tree entropy of any planar lattice graph. These bounds come from volumes of associated hyperbolic alternating links, right-angled hyperbolic…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-05-12 Abhijit Champanerkar , Ilya Kofman

We generalize the notion of tight geodesics in the curve complex to tight trees. We then use tight trees to construct model geometries for certain surface bundles over graphs. This extends some aspects of the combinatorial model for doubly…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-07-08 Mahan Mj

We characterize those 1-ended word hyperbolic groups whose Gromov boundaries are homeomorphic to trees of graphs (i.e. to inverse limits of graphs that have particularly simple finitary descriptions). These are groups with the simplest…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Nima Hoda , Jacek Świątkowski

Gromov hyperbolicity is an interesting geometric property, and so it is natural to study it in the context of geometric graphs. It measures the tree-likeness of a graph from a metric viewpoint. In particular, we are interested in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-07 R. Reyes , J. M. Rodriguez , J. M. Sigarreta , M. Villeta

In the hyperbolic plane there are infinite regular lattices. From a fix vertex of a lattice tree graphs can be constructed recursively to the next layers with edges of the lattice. In this article we examine the properties of the growing of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-29 László Németh

We give a proof for sharp estimate for the number of spanning trees using linear algebra and generalize this bound to multigraphs. In addition, we show that this bound is tight for complete graphs. In addition, we give estimates for number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-01 K. V. Chelpanov

The shrinking operation converts a hypergraph into a graph by choosing, from each hyperedge, two endvertices of a corresponding graph edge. A hypertree is a hypergraph which can be shrunk to a tree on the same vertex set. Klimo\v{s}ov\'{a}…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Karolína Hylasová , Tomáš Kaiser

We present a careful approximation of the geodesics in trees of hyperbolic or relatively hyperbolic groups. As an application we prove a combination theorem for finite graphs of relatively hyperbolic groups, with both Farb's and Gromov's…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2008-03-24 F. Gautero

We look at tree amalgamations of locally finite quasi-transitive hyperbolic graphs and prove that the homeomorphism type of the hyperbolic boundary of such a tree amalgamation only depends on the homeomorphism types of the hyperbolic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-01 Matthias Hamann

In this paper we give an exact analytical expression for the number of spanning trees of an infinite family of outerplanar, small-world and self-similar graphs. This number is an important graph invariant related to different topological…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-11 Francesc Comellas , Alicia Miralles , Hongxiao Liu , Zhongzhi Zhang

In this paper, we introduce two families of planar and self-similar graphs which have small-world properties. The constructed models are based on an iterative process where each step of a certain formulation of modules results in a final…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-19 Muhammed Alaa Morsy , Mohamed Anwar , Abdallah Aboutahoun

Hyperbolicity is a property of a graph that may be viewed as being a "soft" version of a tree, and recent empirical and theoretical work has suggested that many graphs arising in Internet and related data applications have hyperbolic…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-09-17 Wei Chen , Wenjie Fang , Guangda Hu , Michael W. Mahoney

We consider questions related to the existence of spanning trees in graphs with the property that after the removal of any path in the tree the graph remains connected. We show that, for planar graphs, the existence of trees with this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-29 Cristina G. Fernandes , César Hernández-Vélez , Orlando Lee , José C. de Pina

The connected tree-width of a graph is the minimum width of a tree-decomposition whose parts induce connected subgraphs. Long cycles are examples of graphs that have small tree-width but large connected tree-width. We show that a graph has…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-15 Reinhard Diestel , Malte Müller

We prove that every connected graph with $s$ vertices of degree~1 and 3 and $t$ vertices of degree at least~4 has a spanning tree with at least ${1\over 3}t +{1\over 4}s+{3\over 2}$ leaves. We present infinite series of graphs showing that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-29 Dmitri Karpov

We show that every connected graph can be approximated by a normal tree, up to some arbitrarily small error phrased in terms of neighbourhoods around its ends. The existence of such approximate normal trees has consequences of both…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-05 Jan Kurkofka , Ruben Melcher , Max Pitz

Given a graph, we can form a spanning forest by first sorting the edges in some order, and then only keep edges incident to a vertex which is not incident to any previous edge. The resulting forest is dependent on the ordering of the edges,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-16 Steve Butler , Misa Hamanaka , Marie Hardt

A spanning tree of a graph $G$ is a connected acyclic spanning subgraph of $G$. We consider enumeration of spanning trees when $G$ is a $2$-tree, meaning that $G$ is obtained from one edge by iteratively adding a vertex whose neighborhood…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-07-21 P. Renjith , N. Sadagopan , Douglas B. West

We prove that every oriented tree on $n$ vertices with bounded maximum degree appears as a spanning subdigraph of every directed graph on $n$ vertices with minimum semidegree at least $n/2+o(n)$. This can be seen as a directed graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Richard Mycroft , Tássio Naia
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