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The notion of the magnitude of a metric space was introduced by Leinster in [8] and developed in [10], [9], [11] and [16], but the magnitudes of familiar sets in Euclidean space are only understood in relatively few cases. In this paper we…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-07-14 Juan Antonio Barcelo , Anthony Carbery

Magnitude is a numerical invariant of finite metric spaces, recently introduced by T. Leinster, which is analogous in precise senses to the cardinality of finite sets or the Euler characteristic of topological spaces. It has been extended…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2013-08-27 Mark W. Meckes

Magnitude is a numerical invariant of metric spaces introduced by Leinster, motivated by considerations from category theory. This paper extends the original definition for finite spaces to compact spaces, in an equivalent but more natural…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-07-22 Mark W. Meckes

Magnitude is a real-valued invariant of metric spaces, analogous to the Euler characteristic of topological spaces and the cardinality of sets. The definition of magnitude is a special case of a general categorical definition that clarifies…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Tom Leinster

We study Leinster's notion of magnitude for a compact metric space. For a smooth, compact domain $X\subset \mathbb{R}^{2m-1}$, we find geometric significance in the function $\mathcal{M}_X(R) = \mathrm{mag}(R\cdot X)$. The function…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Heiko Gimperlein , Magnus Goffeng

Magnitude is a canonical invariant of finite metric spaces which has its origins in category theory; it is analogous to cardinality of finite sets. Here, by approximating certain compact subsets of Euclidean space with finite subsets, the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2013-02-14 Tom Leinster , Simon Willerton

Magnitude of a finite metric space and the related notion of magnitude functions on metric spaces is an active area of research in algebraic topology. Magnitude originally arose in the context of biology, where it represents the number of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Glenn Fung , Eric Bunch , Dan Dickinson

Magnitude is a measure of size defined for certain classes of metric spaces; it arose from ideas in category theory. In particular, magnitude is defined for compact subsets of Euclidean space and, in arXiv:1507.02502, Barcel\'o and Carbery…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2018-04-09 Simon Willerton

Magnitude is an isometric invariant of metric spaces introduced by Leinster. Since its inception, it has inspired active research into its connections with integral geometry, geometric measure theory, fractal dimensions, persistent…

General Topology · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Sara Kališnik , Davorin Lešnik

The magnitude of metric spaces does not appear to possess a simple, convenient continuity property, and previous studies have presented affirmative results under additional constraints or weaker notions, as well as counterexamples. In this…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Byungchang So

Magnitude is a numerical invariant of enriched categories, including in particular metric spaces as $[0,\infty)$-enriched categories. We show that in many cases magnitude can be categorified to a homology theory for enriched categories,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-11-10 Tom Leinster , Michael Shulman

Magnitude is a numerical isometric invariant of metric spaces, whose definition arises from a precise analogy between categories and metric spaces. Despite this exotic provenance, magnitude turns out to encode many invariants from integral…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2017-09-05 Tom Leinster , Mark W. Meckes

In this paper we define the magnitude of metric spaces using measures rather than finite subsets as had been done previously and show that this agrees with earlier work with Leinster in arXiv:0908.1582. An explicit formula for the magnitude…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-02-14 Simon Willerton

The magnitude of a metric space is a novel invariant that provides a measure of the 'effective size' of a space across multiple scales, while also capturing numerous geometrical properties, such as curvature, density, or entropy. We develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Katharina Limbeck , Rayna Andreeva , Rik Sarkar , Bastian Rieck

Magnitude is a numerical invariant of compact metric spaces, originally inspired by category theory and now known to be related to myriad other geometric quantities. Generalizing earlier results in $\ell_1^n$ and Euclidean space, we prove…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2023-11-30 Mark W. Meckes

Magnitude is an isometric invariant of metric spaces inspired by category theory. Recent work has shown that the asymptotic behavior under rescaling of the magnitude of subsets of Euclidean space is closely related to intrinsic volumes.…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2020-04-02 Mark W. Meckes

Metric space magnitude, an active subject of research in algebraic topology, originally arose in the context of biology, where it was used to represent the effective number of distinct species in an environment. In a more general setting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Eric Bunch , Daniel Dickinson , Jeffery Kline , Glenn Fung

Magnitude is an isometric invariant for metric spaces that was introduced by Leinster around 2010, and is currently the object of intense research, since it has been shown to encode many known invariants of metric spaces. In recent work,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Miguel O'Malley , Sara Kalisnik , Nina Otter

We study the geometric significance of Leinster's notion of magnitude for a smooth manifold with boundary of arbitrary dimension, motivated by open questions for the unit disk in $\mathbb{R}^2$. For a large class of distance functions,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Heiko Gimperlein , Magnus Goffeng , Nikoletta Louca

Magnitude homology of enriched categories, and in particular of metric spaces, was recently introduced by T. Leinster and M. Shulman. In this article, we prove that metric spaces satisfying a reasonably mild condition have vanishing…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2018-03-15 Benoit Jubin
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