Related papers: A remark about positive polynomials

We prove congruences, modulo a power of a prime p, for certain finite sums involving central binomial coefficients $\binom{2k}{k}$.

Given a real univariate degree $d$ polynomial $P$, the numbers $pos_k$ and $neg_k$ of positive and negative roots of $P^{(k)}$, $k=0$, $\ldots$, $d-1$, must be admissible, i.e. they must satisfy certain inequalities resulting from Rolle's…

The main aim of this paper is to prove that the double inequality \frac{(k-1)!}{\Bigl\{x+\Bigl[\frac{(k-1)!}{|\psi^{(k)}(1)|}\Bigr]^{1/k}\Bigr\}^k}…

For $n\in\mathbb{N}=\{0,1,2,\ldots\}$ and $b,c\in\mathbb{Z}$, the $n$th generalized central trinomial coefficient $T_n(b,c)$ is the coefficient of $x^n$ in the expansion of $(x^2+bx+c)^n$. In particular, $T_n=T_n(1,1)$ is the central…

In this paper, we introduce the power-partible reduction for holonomic (or, P-recursive) sequences and apply it to obtain a series of congruences for Ap\'ery numbers $A_k$. In particular, we prove that, for any $r\in\mathbb{N}$, there…

Let $p(z)=a_0+a_1z+a_2z^2+a_3z^3+\cdots+a_nz^n$ be a polynomial of degree $n$ having no zeros in the unit disk. ~Then it is well known that for $R\geq 1,$ $\displaystyle{\max_{|z|=R}|p(z)|}\leq…

We provide an alternative exposition of a result due to Schinzel. Fix an integer $k \ge 2$. For almost all choices of positive integers $n_{1} < \cdots < n_{k}$, we show that the polynomial $F(x) = 1 + x^{n_{1}} + \cdots + x^{n_{k}}$,…

We prove that there is an absolute constant $c > 0$ such that every polynomial $P$ of the form $$P(z) = \sum_{j=0}^{n}{a_jz^j}\,, \quad |a_0| = 1\,, \quad |a_j| \leq M\,, \quad a_j \in \Bbb{C}\,, \quad M \geq 1\,,$$ has at most…

Let ${\cal P}_n^c$ denote the set of all algebraic polynomials of degree at most $n$ with complex coefficients. Let $$D^+ := \{z \in \mathbb{C}: |z| \leq 1, \, \, \Im(z) \geq 0\}$$ be the closed upper half-disk of the complex plane. For…

Let $A_{p,r}^m(n)$ be the best constant that fulfills the following inequality: for every $m$-homogeneous polynomial $P(z) = \sum_{|\alpha|=m} a_{\alpha} z^{\alpha}$ in $n$ complex variables, $$\big( \sum_{|\alpha|=m} |a_{\alpha}|^{r}…

We prove that all polynomials in several variables can be decomposed as the sums of $k$th powers: $P(x_1,...,x_n) = Q_1(x_1,...,x_n)^k+...+ Q_s(x_1,...,x_n)^k$, provided that elements of the base field are themselves sums of $k$th powers.…

In this paper we establish some congruences involving the Ap\'ery numbers $\beta_{n}=\sum_{k=0}^{n}\binom{n}{k}^2\binom{n+k}{k}$ $(n=0,1,2,\ldots)$. For example, we show that $$\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}(11k^2+13k+4)\beta_k\equiv0\pmod{2n^2}$$ for…

In 2022, Z.-W. Sun defined \begin{equation*} w_k^{(\alpha)}{(x)}=\sum_{j=1}^{k}w(k,j)^{\alpha}x^{j-1}, \end{equation*} where $k,\alpha$ are positive integers and $w(k,j)=\frac{1}{j}\binom{k-1}{j-1}\binom{k+j}{j-1}$. Let $(x)_{0}=1$ and…

The recurrence for the $k$-Fibonacci polynomials is usually iterated upwards to positive values of $n$ only. When the recurrence is iterated downwards to $n<0$, there are indices where the polynomials vanish identically. This fact does not…

We present a new positive lower bound for the minimum value taken by a polynomial P with integer coefficients in k variables over the standard simplex of R^k, assuming that P is positive on the simplex. This bound depends only on the number…

In this paper we investigate the generalization of the Bessenrodt--Ono inequality by following Gian-Carlo Rota's advice in studying problems in combinatorics and number theory in terms of roots of polynomials. We consider the number of…

Let $p$ be an odd prime and let $a,m$ be integers with $a>0$ and $m \not\equiv0\pmod p$. In this paper we determine $\sum_{k=0}^{p^a-1}\binom{2k}{k+d}/m^k$ mod $p^2$ for $d=0,1$; for example,…

By Descartes' rule of signs, a real degree $d$ polynomial $P$ with all nonvanishing coefficients, with $c$ sign changes and $p$ sign preservations in the sequence of its coefficients ($c+p=d$) has $pos\leq c$ positive and $neg\leq p$…

We derive $p$-adic expansions for the generalized Harmonic numbers $H^{(j)}_{p-1}$ and $H^{(j)}_{\frac{p-1}{2}}$ involving the Bernoulli numbers $B_j$ and the the base-2 Fermat quotient $q_p$. While most of our results are not new, we…

We prove exact asymptotic expansions for the partial sums of the sequences of central binomial coefficients and Catalan numbers, $\sum_{k=0}^n \binom{2k}{k}$ and $\sum_{k=0}^n C_n$. We also obtain closed forms for the polynomials…