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In the absence of quantum repeaters, quantum communication proved to be nearly impossible across optical fibres longer than $\gtrsim 20\text{ km}$ due to the drop of transmissivity below the critical threshold of $1/2$. However, if the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-29 Francesco Anna Mele , Ludovico Lami , Vittorio Giovannetti

We investigate quantum repeater protocols based upon atomic qubit-entanglement distribution through optical coherent-state communication. Various measurement schemes for an optical mode entangled with two spatially separated atomic qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-14 Peter van Loock , Norbert Lütkenhaus , W. J. Munro , Kae Nemoto

In large-scale quantum networks, quantum repeaters provide an efficient method to distribute entangled states among selected nodes for realizing long-distance and complicated quantum communications. However, extending quantum repeater…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Tianen Chen , Yun Shang , Chitong Chen , Heng Fan

A full-fledged quantum network relies on the formation of entangled links between remote location with the help of quantum repeaters. The famous Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller quantum repeater protocol is based on long distance single-photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Chen-Long Li. Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum networks enable a number of important applications such as quantum key distribution. The basic function of a quantum network is to enable long-distance quantum entanglement between two remote communication parties. This work focuses…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Shouqian Shi , Chen Qian

We present an exact rate analysis for a secret key that can be shared among two parties employing a linear quantum repeater chain. One of our main motivations is to address the question whether simply placing quantum memories along a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-22 Lars Kamin , Evgeny Shchukin , Frank Schmidt , Peter van Loock

A Quantum Internet, i.e., a global interconnection of quantum devices, is the long term goal of quantum communications, and has so far been based on two-dimensional systems (qubits). Recent years have seen a significant development of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-11 Davide Bacco , Jacob F. F. Bulmer , Manuel Erhard , Marcus Huber , Stefano Paesani

Using 2 km of standard telecom optical fibres, we teleport qubits carried by photons of 1310 nm wavelength to qubits in another lab carried by a photons of 1550 nm wavelength. The photons to be teleported and the necessary entangled photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Gisin , I. Marcikic , H. de Riedmatten , W. Tittel , H. Zbinden

We analyze a novel method that uses fixed, minimal physical resources to achieve generation and nested purification of quantum entanglement for quantum communication over arbitrarily long distances, and discuss its implementation using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 L. I. Childress , J. M. Taylor , A. S. Sorensen , M. D. Lukin

Heralded entanglement between distant quantum memories is the key resource for quantum networks. Based on quantum repeater protocols, these networks will facilitate efficient large-scale quantum communication and distributed quantum…

We present an encoded hybrid quantum repeater scheme using qubit-repetition and Calderbank-Shor-Steane codes. For the case of repetition codes, we propose an explicit implementation of the quantum error-correction protocol. Moreover, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Nadja K. Bernardes , Peter van Loock

A quantum internet aims at harnessing networked quantum technologies, namely by distributing bipartite entanglement between distant nodes. However, multipartite entanglement between the nodes may empower the quantum internet for additional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Luís Bugalho , Bruno C. Coutinho , Francisco A. Monteiro , Yasser Omar

We demonstrate a novel way to efficiently and very robust create an entanglement between an atomic and a photonic qubit. A single laser beam is used to excite one atomic ensemble and two different spatial modes of scattered Raman fields are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-11-20 Shuai Chen , Yu-Ao Chen , Bo Zhao , Zhen-Sheng Yuan , Joerg Schmiedmayer , Jian-Wei Pan

Multiplexed quantum memories and high-dimensional entanglement can improve the performance of quantum repeaters by promoting the entanglement generation rate and the quantum communication channel capacity. Here, we experimentally generate a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-18 Chang Li , Yukai Wu , Wei Chang , Sheng Zhang , Yunfei Pu , Nan Jiang , Luming Duan

Entanglement, an essential feature of quantum theory that allows for inseparable quantum correlations to be shared between distant parties, is a crucial resource for quantum networks. Of particular importance is the ability to distribute…

At the core of the quantum Internet lie quantum repeaters that enable remote end-to-end entanglement generation. Fundamentally, the entanglement generation rate and fidelity of quantum repeaters constitute the bottleneck for end-to-end…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Karim S. Elsayed , Amr Rizk

In a quantum network that successfully creates links, shared Bell states between neighboring repeater nodes, with probability $p$ in each time slot, and performs Bell State Measurements at nodes with success probability $q<1$, the end to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-15 Ashlesha Patil , Joshua I. Jacobson , Emily van Milligen , Don Towsley , Saikat Guha

We propose a repeat-until-success protocol to improve the performance of probabilistic quantum repeaters. Quantum repeaters rely on passive static linear optics elements and photodetectors to perform Bell-state measurements (BSMs).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-10 David Edward Bruschi , Thomas M. Barlow , Mohsen Razavi , Almut Beige

We demonstrate entanglement distribution between two remote quantum nodes located 3 meters apart. This distribution involves the asynchronous preparation of two pairs of atomic memories and the coherent mapping of stored atomic states into…

To realize long-distance quantum communication, it is crucial to design quantum repeater architectures that can deal with transmission losses and operational errors. Code concatenation of photonic graph codes is a promising way to achieve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-16 Love Pettersson , Anders S. Sørensen