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The existence of greatest lower bounds in the imbalance order of path-length sequences of binary trees is seen to be a consequence of a joint monotonicity property of the greater and lower expension operations. Path length sequences that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-02 S. Foldes , R. Radeleczki

This paper introduces a series of methods for traversing binary decision trees using arithmetic operations. We present a suite of binary tree traversal algorithms that leverage novel representation matrices to flatten the full binary tree…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Jinxiong Zhang

We prime-encode the natural numbers via recursive factorisation, iterated to the exponents, generating a corpus of planar rooted trees equivalently represented as Dyck words. This forms a deterministic text endowed with internal rules.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Pierluigi Contucci , Claudio Giberti , Godwin Osabutey , Cecilia Vernia

We consider the design of adaptive data structures for searching elements of a tree-structured space. We use a natural generalization of the rotation-based online binary search tree model in which the underlying search space is the set of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-05 Prosenjit Bose , Jean Cardinal , John Iacono , Grigorios Koumoutsos , Stefan Langerman

In this paper, an stochastic queue core problem on a tree, which seeks to find a core in an M/G/1 operating environment is investigated. Let T = (V,E) be a tree, an stochastic queue core of T is assumed to be a path P, for which the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-01-10 Mehdi Zaferanieh , Jafar Fathali

Visual localization algorithms have achieved significant improvements in performance thanks to recent advances in camera technology and vision-based techniques. However, there remains one critical caveat: all current approaches that are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Huu Le , Tuan Hoang , Michael Milford

A closed-form formula is derived for the number of occurrences of matches of a multiset of patterns among all ordered (plane-planted) trees with a given number of edges. A pattern looks like a tree, with internal nodes and leaves, but also…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Nachum Dershowitz

The tree-depth is a parameter introduced under several names as a measure of sparsity of a graph. We compute asymptotic values of the tree-depth of random graphs. For dense graphs, p>> 1/n, the tree-depth of a random graph G is a.a.s.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-02-16 Guillem Perarnau , Oriol Serra

We show that the set of balanced binary trees is closed by interval in the Tamari lattice. We establish that the intervals [T0, T1] where T0 and T1 are balanced trees are isomorphic as posets to a hypercube. We introduce tree patterns and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-27 Samuele Giraudo

We consider an infinite sequence of rooted trees naturally emerging in a number-theoretical context. We advance some ideas on its structure by discussing some elementary properties. Some of those properties are shown to be related to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-10 Roberto Conti , Pierluigi Contucci

The comprehensive characterization of the structure of complex networks is essential to understand the dynamical processes which guide their evolution. The discovery of the scale-free distribution and the small world property of real…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Paulino R. Villas Boas , Francisco A. Rodrigues , Gonzalo Travieso , Luciano da F. Costa

A syntax tree is a planar rooted tree where internal nodes are labeled on a graded set of generators. There is a natural notion of occurrence of contiguous pattern in such trees. We describe a way, given a set of generators $\mathfrak{G}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-27 Samuele Giraudo

On a locally finite point set, a navigation defines a path through the point set from one point to another. The set of paths leading to a given point defines a tree known as the navigation tree. In this article, we analyze the properties of…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Charles Bordenave

Let $T$ be a weighted tree. The weight of a subtree $T_1$ of $T$ is defined as the product of weights of vertices and edges of $T_1$. We obtain a linear-time algorithm to count the sum of weights of subtrees of $T$. As applications, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Weigen Yan , Yeong-Nan Yeh

``Algorithms with predictions'', or ``learning-augmented algorithms'', has proved to be an extremely useful paradigm for combining machine learning with traditional algorithms. One of the textbook settings for this is searching a sorted…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Michael Dinitz , Bob Dong

Given two rooted, labeled trees $P$ and $T$ the tree path subsequence problem is to determine which paths in $P$ are subsequences of which paths in $T$. Here a path begins at the root and ends at a leaf. In this paper we propose this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Philip Bille , Inge Li Goertz

We study several enumeration problems connected to linear trees, a broad class which includes stars, paths, generalized stars, and caterpillars. We provide generating functions for counting the number of linear trees on $n$ vertices,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-23 Tanay Wakhare , Eric Wityk , Charles R. Johnson

We look at a family of meta-Fibonacci sequences which arise in studying the number of leaves at the largest level in certain infinite sequences of binary trees, restricted compositions of an integer, and binary compact codes. For this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Brad Jackson , Frank Ruskey

Tree-structured neural networks encode a particular tree geometry for a sentence in the network design. However, these models have at best only slightly outperformed simpler sequence-based models. We hypothesize that neural sequence models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-11-10 Samuel R. Bowman , Christopher D. Manning , Christopher Potts

Tree-width and path-width are well-known graph parameters. Many NP-hard graph problems allow polynomial-time solutions, when restricted to graphs of bounded tree-width or bounded path-width. In this work, we study the behavior of tree-width…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Frank Gurski , Robin Weishaupt