Related papers: C-essential surfaces in (3-manifold, graph) pairs

A bridgeless graph $G$ is called $3$-flow-critical if it does not admit a nowhere-zero $3$-flow, but $G/e$ has for any $e\in E(G)$. Tutte's $3$-flow conjecture can be equivalently stated as that every $3$-flow-critical graph contains a…

Tollefson described a variant of normal surface theory for 3-manifolds, called Q-theory, where only the quadrilateral coordinates are used. Suppose $M$ is a triangulated, compact, irreducible, boundary-irreducible 3-manifold. In Q-theory,…

Suppose that $\Gamma$ is a non-empty connected graph, $\mathfrak{G}$ is the fundamental group of a graph of groups over $\Gamma$, and $\mathcal{C}$ is a root class of groups (the last means that $\mathcal{C}$ contains non-trivial groups and…

Let $M$ be a Hadamard manifold with curvature bounded above by a negative constant $-\alpha$, satisfying the "strict convexity condition", and assume that $M$ admits a "helicoidal" one-parameter subgroup $G$ of isometries of $M$. Then,…

The existence of essential closed surfaces surfaces is proven for finite coverings of 3-manifolds that are triangulated by finitely many topological ideal tetrahedra and admit a regular, negatively curved, ideal structure.

Given a compact surface $\Gamma$ embedded in $\mathbb R^3$ with boundary $\partial \Gamma$, our goal is to construct a set of representatives for a basis of the relative cohomology group $H^1(\Gamma, \partial \Gamma^c)$, where $\Gamma^c$ is…

Let $N$ be a Riemannian manifold and consider a stationary union of three or more $C^{1,\mu}$ hypersurfaces-with-boundary $M_k$ in $N$ with a common boundary $\Gamma$. We show that if $N$ is smooth, then $\Gamma$ is smooth and each $M_k$ is…

A "folklore conjecture, probably due to Tutte" (as described in [P.D. Seymour, Sums of circuits, Graph theory and related topics (Proc. Conf., Univ. Waterloo, 1977), pp. 341-355, Academic Press, 1979]) asserts that every bridgeless cubic…

Let $H$, $T$ and $C_n$ be a graph, a tree and a cycle of order $n$, respectively. Let $H^{(i)}$ be the complete join of $H$ and an empty graph on $i$ vertices. Then the Cartesian product $H\Box T$ of $H$ and $T$ can be obtained by applying…

The toughness of graph $G$, denoted by $\tau(G)$, is $\tau(G)=\min\{\frac{|S|}{c(G-S)}:S\subseteq V(G),c(G-S)\geq2\}$ for every vertex cut $S$ of $V(G)$ and the number of components of $G$ is denoted by $c(G)$. Bondy in 1973, suggested the…

A simplicial complex of dimension $d-1$ is said to be balanced if its graph is $d$-colorable. Juhnke-Kubitzke and Murai proved an analogue of the generalized lower bound theorem for balanced simplicial polytopes. We establish a…

A circuit double cover of a bridgeless graph is a collection of even subgraphs such that every edge is contained in exactly two subgraphs of the given collection. Such a circuit double cover describes an embedding of the corresponding graph…

We prove that there is an algorithm which determines whether or not a given 2-polyhedron can be embedded into some integral homology 3-sphere. This is a corollary of the following main result. Let $M$ be a compact connected orientable…

We prove there exists a compact embedded minimal surface in a complete finite volume hyperbolic $3$-manifold $\mathcal{N}$. We also obtain a least area, incompressible, properly embedded, finite topology, $2$-sided surface. We prove a…

In this work, we prove the existence of a third embedded minimal hypersurface spanning a closed submanifold $\gamma$ contained in the boundary of a compact Riemannian manifold with convex boundary, when it is known a priori the existence of…

Given a noncompact disconnected complete periodic curve $\Gamma$ with no self intersection in $\mathbb R^3$, it is proved that there exists a noncompact simply connected periodic minimal surface spanning $\Gamma$. As an application it is…

Abby Thompson proved that if a link $K$ is in thin position but not in bridge position then the knot complement contains an essential meridional planar surface, and she asked whether some thin level surface must be essential. This note is…

In this paper we are interested in the stratum H^{hyp}(4) of translation surfaces, which consists of pairs (M,\omega), where M is a hyper-elliptic Riemann surface of genus 3, and \omega is a holopmorphic 1-form on M having only one zero. We…

We prove that if S is a properly embedded incompressible surface in a compact 3-manifold M, then the fundamental group of S is separable in the fundamental group of M.

We demonstrate that graphs embedded on surfaces are a powerful and practical tool to generate, characterize and simulate networks with a broad range of properties. Remarkably, the study of topologically embedded graphs is non-restrictive…