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Fluctuation theorems are fundamental extensions of the second law of thermodynamics for small systems. Their general validity arbitrarily far from equilibrium makes them invaluable in nonequilibrium physics. So far, experimental studies of…

Fluctuations of the excess heat in an out of equilibrium steady state are experimentally investigated in two stochastic systems : an electric circuit with an imposed mean current and a harmonic oscillator driven out of equilibrium by a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sylvain Joubaud , Nicolas Garnier , Sergio Ciliberto

We study nonequilibrium fluctuation theorems in the presence of a time-reversal symmetry-breaking field and nonconservative forces, in a stochastic as well as a deterministic set up. We consider a system and a heat bath, called the combined…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-02-22 Punyabrata Pradhan

We consider heat fluctuations and fluctuation theorems for systems driven by multiple reservoirs. We establish a fundamental symmetry obeyed by the joint probability distribution for the heat transfers and system coordinates. The symmetry…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-10-03 Hans C. Fogedby , Alberto Imparato

Fluctuation theorems, which have been developed over the past 15 years, have resulted in fundamental breakthroughs in our understanding of how irreversibility emerges from reversible dynamics, and have provided new statistical mechanical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 E. M. Sevick , R. Prabhakar , Stephen R. Williams , Debra J. Searles

We study the fluctuations of the autocorrelation and autoresponse functions and, in particular, their variances and co-variance. In a first general part of the Article, we show the equivalence of the variance of the response function with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-18 Federico Corberi , Eugenio Lippiello , Alessandro Sarracino , Marco Zannetti

Fluctuation theorems are fundamental results in non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Considering the fluctuation theorem with respect to the entropy production and an observable, we derive a new thermodynamic uncertainty relation which also…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-02 Gianluca Francica

The Fluctuation Theorems are a group of exact relations that remain valid irrespective of how far the system has been driven away from equilibrium. Other than having practical applications, like determination of equilibrium free energy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-11-04 Sourabh Lahiri , A. M. Jayannavar

In the context of an exactly soluble out of equilibrium (quenched) model, we study an extension of the fluctuation-dissipation relation. This involves a modified differential form of this relation, with an effective temperature which may…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-07-24 A. L. M. Britto , Ashok K. Das , J. Frenkel

We introduce from an experimental point of view the main concepts of fluctuation theorems for work, heat and entropy production in out of equilibrium systems. We will discuss the important difference between the applications of these…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-20 Sergio Ciliberto , Sylvain Joubaud , Artem Petrosyan

The Fluctuation Theorem describes the probability ratio of observing trajectories that satisfy or violate the second law of thermodynamics. It has been proved in a number of different ways for thermostatted deterministic nonequilibrium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Debra J. Searles , Denis J. Evans

Linear response analysis in the nonequilibrium steady state (Gaussian regime) provides two independent fluctuation-response relations. One, in the form of the symmetric matrix, manifests the departure from the equilibrium formula through…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Takahiro Sakaue , Takao Ohta

Isometric fluctuation relations are deduced for the fluctuations of the order parameter in equilibrium systems of condensed-matter physics with broken discrete or continuous symmetries. These relations are similar to their analogues…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-12-14 David Lacoste , Pierre Gaspard

We continue the investigation, started in [J. Stat. Phys. 166, 926-1015 (2017)], of a network of harmonic oscillators driven out of thermal equilibrium by heat reservoirs. We study the statistics of the fluctuations of the heat fluxes…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-08-07 Mondher Damak , Mayssa Hammami , Claude-Alain Pillet

We use a relationship between response and correlation function in nonequilibrium systems to establish a connection between the heat production and the deviations from the equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation theorem. This scheme extends the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-04-11 E. Lippiello , M. Baiesi , A. Sarracino

A derivation of the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem for the microcanonical ensemble is presented using linear response theory. The theorem is stated as a relation between the frequency spectra of the symmetric correlation and response…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-09-12 Marcus V. S. Bonança

Using recent fluctuation theorems from nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, we extend the theory for voltage fluctuations in electric circuits to power and heat fluctuations. They could be of particular relevance for the functioning of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. van Zon , S. Ciliberto , E. G. D. Cohen

Understanding how systems respond to external perturbations is a fundamental challenge in physics, particularly for non-equilibrium and non-stationary processes. The fluctuation-dissipation theorem provides a complete framework for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-06 Jiming Zheng , Zhiyue Lu

The fluctuation-response relation is a fundamental relation that is applicable to systems near equilibrium. On the other hand, when a system is driven far from equilibrium, this relation is violated in general because the detailed-balance…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Takahiro Harada , Shin-ichi Sasa

We study two non-equilibrium work fluctuation theorems, the Crooks' theorem and the Jarzynski equality, for a test system coupled to a spatially extended heat reservoir whose degrees of freedom are explicitly modeled. The sufficient…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-02-22 Punyabrata Pradhan , Yariv Kafri , Dov Levine