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We present results obtained from a finite-element simulation of seismic displacement fields and of gravity gradients generated by those fields. The displacement field is constructed by a plane wave model with a 3D isotropic stochastic field…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 Jan Harms , Riccardo DeSalvo , Steven Dorsher , Vuk Mandic

We present an approach to experimentally evaluate gravity gradient noise, a potentially limiting noise source in advanced interferometric gravitational wave (GW) detectors. In addition, the method can be used to provide sub-percent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 L. Matone , P. Raffai , S. Marka , R. Grossman , P. Kalmus , Z. Marka , J. Rollins , V. Sannibale

Density changes in the atmosphere produce a fluctuating gravity field that affect gravity strainmeters or gravity gradiometers used for the detection of gravitational-waves and for geophysical applications. This work addresses the impact of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-04 Donatella Fiorucci , Jan Harms , Matteo Barsuglia , Irene Fiori , Federico Paoletti

Terrestrial gravity noise, also known as Newtonian noise, produced by ambient seismic and infrasound fields will pose one of the main sensitivity limitations in low-frequency, ground-based, gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. It was…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-08 Jan Harms , Ho Jung Paik

Gravitational-wave now became one of the important observational methods for studying the Universe since its first detection. However, the ground-based observatories have an inherent barrier to their detection frequency band due to the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-05 John J. Oh

Fluctuations in the local Newtonian gravitational field present a limit to high precision measurements, including searches for gravitational waves using laser interferometers. In this work, we present a model of this perturbing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-21 Jennifer C. Driggers , Jan Harms , Rana X. Adhikari

Fluctuations of the earth's gravity field are a major noise source for ground-based experiments investigating general relativity phenomena such as Gravitational Waves (GWs). Mass density variations caused by local seismic or atmospheric…

Infrasonic and seismic waves are supposed to be the main contributors to the gravity-gradient noise (Newtonian noise) of the third generation subterranean gravitational-wave detectors. This noise will limit the sensitivity of the instrument…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-02 Edit Fenyvesi , József Molnár , Sándor Czellár

The selection of sites for underground gravitational wave detectors based on spectral and cumulative characterisation of the low frequency seismic noise. The evaluation of the collected long term seismological data in the M\'atra…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-11 L. Somlai , Z. Gráczer , P. Lévai , M. Vasúth , Z. Wéber , P. Ván

When ambient seismic waves pass near an interferometric gravitational-wave detector, they induce density perturbations in the earth which produce fluctuating gravitational forces on the interferometer's test masses. These forces mimic a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-30 Scott A. Hughes , Kip S. Thorne

The detection of gravitational waves (GWs) and an accompanying electromagnetic (E/M) counterpart have been suggested as a future probe for cosmology and theories of gravity. In this paper, we present calculations of the luminosity distance…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-04 Marios Kalomenopoulos , Sadegh Khochfar , Jonathan Gair , Shun Arai

Seismic data denoising is an important part of seismic data processing, which directly relate to the follow-up processing of seismic data. In terms of this issue, many authors proposed many methods based on rank reduction, sparse…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-08-27 Xueting Yang , Yong Li , Zhangquan Liao , Yingtian Liu , Junheng Peng

Gradient Smoothing is an efficient approach to reducing noise in gradient-based model explanation method. SmoothGrad adds Gaussian noise to mitigate much of these noise. However, the crucial hyper-parameter in this method, the variance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Linjiang Zhou , Chao Ma , Zepeng Wang , Libing Wu , Xiaochuan Shi

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory forms part of the international effort to detect and study gravitational waves of astrophysical origin. One of the major obstacles for this project with the first generation detectors…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-21 Duncan M. Macleod , Stephen Fairhurst , Brennan Hughey , Andrew P. Lundgren , Larne Pekowsky , Jameson Rollins , Joshua R. Smith

In this article we propose a new method for reducing Newtonian noise in laser-interferometric gravitational-wave detectors located on the Earth's surface. We show that by excavating meter-scale recesses in the ground around the main test…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Jan Harms , Stefan Hild

Glitches are transitory noise artifacts that degrade the detection sensitivity and accuracy of interferometric observatories such as LIGO and Virgo in gravitational wave astronomy. Reliable glitch subtraction techniques are essential for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-04 Mohammad Abu Thaher Chowdhury

The gravitational coupling of nearby massive bodies to test masses in a gravitational wave (GW) detector cannot be shielded, and gives rise to 'gravity gradient noise' (GGN) in the detector. In this paper we show that for any GW detector…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-24 Michael A. Fedderke , Peter W. Graham , Surjeet Rajendran

Ground-based gravitational-wave detectors are based on high precision laser interferometry. One promising technique to improve the detector's sensitivity is the detuning of an optical cavity, which enhances the signal at around certain…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-06 Shinichiro Ueda , Nana Saito , Daniel Friedrich , Yoichi Aso , Kentaro Somiya

Newtonian noise in gravitational wave detectors originates from density fluctuations in the adjacency of the interferometer mirrors. At the Einstein Telescope, this noise source is expected to be dominant for low frequencies. Its impact is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-17 Patrick Schillings , Johannes Erdmann

A possibility of geophysical measurements using the large scale laser interferometrical gravitational wave antenna is discussed. An interferometer with suspended mirrors can be used as a gradiometer measuring variations of an angle between…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 V. N. Rudenko , A. V. Serdobolski , K. Tsubono
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