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Scalable sampling of molecular states in thermodynamic equilibrium is a long-standing challenge in statistical physics. Boltzmann generators tackle this problem by pairing normalizing flows with importance sampling to obtain uncorrelated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Charlie B. Tan , Avishek Joey Bose , Chen Lin , Leon Klein , Michael M. Bronstein , Alexander Tong

Evaluating LLMs and text-to-image models is a computationally intensive task often overlooked. Efficient evaluation is crucial for understanding the diverse capabilities of these models and enabling comparisons across a growing number of…

This work presents an efficient algorithm for generating statistically representative microstructures of particulate composites in periodic representative volume elements. The Swelling and Random Migration (SRM) algorithm combines…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sergejs Tarasovs

Fast numerical libraries have been a cornerstone of scientific computing for decades, but this comes at a price. Programs may be tied to vendor specific software ecosystems resulting in polluted, non-portable code. As we enter an era of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Bruce Collie , Philip Ginsbach , Michael F. P. O'Boyle

We consider the problem of constructing exact goodness-of-fit tests for discrete exponential family models. This classical problem remains practically unsolved for many types of structured or sparse data, as it rests on a computationally…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-31 Ivan Gvozdanović , Sonja Petrović

We present an exact sampling algorithm for Pfaffian point processes based on a skew-symmetric analogue of the Cholesky factorization. This algorithm enables efficient sampling of a wide range of statistics arising in random matrix theory…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Alan Edelman , Sungwoo Jeong , Simeon Schaub

Thompson Sampling is a principled method for balancing exploration and exploitation, but its real-world adoption faces computational challenges in large-scale or non-conjugate settings. While ensemble-based approaches offer partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yingru Li , Jiawei Xu , Baoxiang Wang , Zhi-Quan Luo

Molecular simulations are an important tool for research in physics, chemistry, and biology. The capabilities of simulations can be greatly expanded by providing access to advanced sampling methods and techniques that permit calculation of…

Stochastic neural net weights are used in a variety of contexts, including regularization, Bayesian neural nets, exploration in reinforcement learning, and evolution strategies. Unfortunately, due to the large number of weights, all the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Yeming Wen , Paul Vicol , Jimmy Ba , Dustin Tran , Roger Grosse

We present a new method for the calculation of fragment size correlations in a discrete finite system in which correlations explicitly due to the finite extent of the system are suppressed. To this end, we introduce a combinatorial model,…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-11-07 Pierre Desesquelles

We have combined a custom implementation of the fast multiple-time-stepping LN integrator with parallel tempering to explore folding properties of small peptides in implicit solvent on the time scale of microseconds. We applied this…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2011-08-23 Natha R. Hayre , Rajiv R. P. Singh , Daniel L. Cox

Computing equilibrium states in condensed-matter many-body systems, such as solvated proteins, is a long-standing challenge. Lacking methods for generating statistically independent equilibrium samples in "one shot", vast computational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-15 Frank Noé , Simon Olsson , Jonas Köhler , Hao Wu

For systems that self assemble into finite-sized objects, it is sometimes convenient to compute the thermodynamics for a small system where a single assembly can form. However, we show that in the canonical ensemble the use of small systems…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2010-02-24 Thomas E. Ouldridge , Ard A. Louis , Jonathan P. K. Doye

Macrocyclic peptides are an emerging therapeutic modality, yet computational approaches for accurately sampling their diverse 3D ensembles remain challenging due to their conformational diversity and geometric constraints. Here, we…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-08-15 Colin A. Grambow , Hayley Weir , Nathaniel L. Diamant , Gabriele Scalia , Tommaso Biancalani , Kangway V. Chuang

The design, implementation and analysis of a free library for boundary element calculations is presented. The library is free in the sense of the GNU General Public Licence and is intended to allow users to solve a wide range of problems…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-08-06 Michael Carley

Ensembling is a simple and popular technique for boosting evaluation performance by training multiple models (e.g., with different initializations) and aggregating their predictions. This approach is commonly reserved for the largest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Dan Kondratyuk , Mingxing Tan , Matthew Brown , Boqing Gong

Processing sets or other unordered, potentially variable-sized inputs in neural networks is usually handled by aggregating a number of input tensors into a single representation. While a number of aggregation methods already exist from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Sergey Bartunov , Fabian B. Fuchs , Timothy Lillicrap

Synthetic polymeric materials underpin fundamental technologies in the energy, electronics, consumer goods, and medical sectors, yet their development still suffers from prolonged design timelines. Although polymer informatics tools have…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Ayush Jain , Rampi Ramprasad

Self-assembly of proteins is a biological phenomenon which gives rise to spontaneous formation of amyloid fibrils or polymers. The starting point of this phase, called nucleation exhibits an important variability among replicated…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2016-03-22 Marie Doumic , Sarah Eugene , Philippe Robert

Designing molecular structures with desired chemical properties is an essential task in drug discovery and material design. However, finding molecules with the optimized desired properties is still a challenging task due to combinatorial…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-02 Masatsugu Yamada , Mahito Sugiyama