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Efficient sampling from the Boltzmann distribution given its energy function is a key challenge for modeling complex physical systems such as molecules. Boltzmann Generators address this problem by leveraging continuous normalizing flows to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Rishal Aggarwal , Jacky Chen , Nicholas M. Boffi , David Ryan Koes

We demonstrate that the recently proposed pruned-enriched Rosenbluth method PERM (P. Grassberger, Phys. Rev. E, in press (1997)) leads to extremely efficient algorithms for the folding of simple model proteins. We test it on several models…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ugo Bastolla , Helge Frauenkron , Erwin Gerstner , Peter Grassberger , Walter Nadler

In the majority of molecular optimization tasks, predictive machine learning (ML) models are limited due to the unavailability and cost of generating big experimental datasets on the specific task. To circumvent this limitation, ML models…

We propose efficient algorithms for two key tasks in the analysis of large nonuniform networks: uniform node sampling and cluster detection. Our sampling technique is based on augmenting a simple, but slowly mixing uniform MCMC sampler with…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Pekka Orponen , Satu Elisa Schaeffer

Cellular functions are established through biological evolution, but are constrained by the laws of physics. For instance, the physics of protein folding limits the lengths of cellular polypeptide chains. Consequently, many cellular…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-07-09 Pablo Sartori , Stanislas Leibler

Recently discovered identities in statistical mechanics have enabled the calculation of equilibrium ensemble averages from realizations of driven nonequilibrium processes, including single-molecule pulling experiments and analogous computer…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-11-21 David D. L. Minh , John D. Chodera

Energy-based modeling is a promising approach to unsupervised learning, which yields many downstream applications from a single model. The main difficulty in learning energy-based models with the "contrastive approaches" is the generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Kirill Neklyudov , Priyank Jaini , Max Welling

Sampling the parameter space of artificial neural networks according to a Boltzmann distribution provides insight into the geometry of low-loss solutions and offers an alternative to conventional loss minimization for training. However,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-03-17 Alessandro Zambon , Francesca Caruso , Riccardo Zecchina , Guido Tiana

As the data size in Machine Learning fields grows exponentially, it is inevitable to accelerate the computation by utilizing the ever-growing large number of available cores provided by high-performance computing hardware. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Kun Li , Liang Yuan , Yunquan Zhang , Gongwei Chen

In biomolecular systems (especially all-atom models) with many degrees of freedom such as proteins and nucleic acids, there exist an astronomically large number of local-minimum-energy states. Conventional simulations in the canonical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-12-30 Ayori Mitsutake , Yoshiharu Mori , Yuko Okamoto

In this work, we study how to use sampling to speed up mechanisms for answering adaptive queries into datasets without reducing the accuracy of those mechanisms. This is important to do when both the datasets and the number of queries asked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Benjamin Fish , Lev Reyzin , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein

Ensembles, where multiple neural networks are trained individually and their predictions are averaged, have been shown to be widely successful for improving both the accuracy and predictive uncertainty of single neural networks. However, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Yeming Wen , Dustin Tran , Jimmy Ba

Many methods to accelerate sampling of molecular configurations are based on the idea that temperature can be used to accelerate rare transitions. These methods typically compute equilibrium properties at a target temperature using…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-11-30 Kangxin Liu , Grant M. Rotskoff , Eric Vanden-Eijnden , Glen M. Hocky

Machine-learning methods in biochemistry commonly represent molecules as graphs of pairwise intermolecular interactions for property and structure predictions. Most methods operate on a single graph, typically the minimal free energy (MFE)…

Nested sampling is a Bayesian sampling technique developed to explore probability distributions lo- calised in an exponentially small area of the parameter space. The algorithm provides both posterior samples and an estimate of the evidence…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-03-17 Nikolas S. Burkoff , Csilla Varnai , Stephen A. Wells , David L. Wild

We propose an efficient novel path sampling-based framework designed to accelerate the investigation of rare events in complex molecular systems. A key innovation is the shift from sampling restricted path ensemble distributions, as in…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Gianmarco Lazzeri , Peter G. Bolhuis , Roberto Covino

Self-assembly of proteins into amyloid aggregates is an important biological phenomenon associated with human diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid fibrils also have potential applications in nano-engineering of biomaterials. The…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2016-05-25 Sarah Eugene , Wei-Feng Xue , Philippe Robert , Marie Doumic-Jauffret

We design a new, fast algorithm for agnostically learning univariate probability distributions whose densities are well approximated by piecewise polynomial functions. Let $f$ be the density function of an arbitrary univariate distribution,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-03 Jayadev Acharya , Ilias Diakonikolas , Jerry Li , Ludwig Schmidt

Using a recently developed bead-spring model for semiflexible polymers that takes into account their natural extensibility, we report an efficient algorithm to simulate the dynamics for polymers like double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-10-01 Debabrata Panja , Gerard T. Barkema , J. M. J. van Leeuwen

We describe and test an implicit solvent all-atom potential for simulations of protein folding and aggregation. The potential is developed through studies of structural and thermodynamic properties of 17 peptides with diverse secondary…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2009-04-09 Anders Irbäck , Simon Mitternacht , Sandipan Mohanty