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This short review is an introduction to a great variety of methods, the collection of which is called the Painlev\'e analysis, intended at producing all kinds of exact (as opposed to perturbative) results on nonlinear equations, whether…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2017-10-16 Robert Conte , Micheline Musette

The ``Painlev\'e analysis'' is quite often perceived as a collection of tricks reserved to experts. The aim of this course is to demonstrate the contrary and to unveil the simplicity and the beauty of a subject which is in fact the theory…

solv-int · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Conte

Toposes can be pictured as mathematical universes. Besides the standard topos, in which most of mathematics unfolds, there is a colorful host of alternate toposes in which mathematics plays out slightly differently. For instance, there are…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2022-04-05 Ingo Blechschmidt

We have dealt with the Euler's alternating series of the Riemann zeta function to define a regularized ratio appeared in the functional equation even in the critical strip and showed some evidence to indicate the hypothesis. We briefly…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-12-29 Minoru Fujimoto , Kunihiko Uehara

This work investigates the application of the Newton's method for the numerical solution of a nonlinear boundary value problem formulated through an ordinary differential equation (ODE). Nonlinear ODEs arise in various mathematical modeling…

In introductions to the subject for a general audience of mathematicians or logicians, the univalence axiom is typically explained by handwaving. This gives rise to several misconceptions, which cannot be properly addressed in the absence…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-10-18 Martín Hötzel Escardó

The term "measurement" in quantum theory (as well as in other physical theories) is ambiguous: It is used to describe both an experience - e.g., an observation in an experiment - and an interaction with the system under scrutiny. If doing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-03 Arne Hansen , Stefan Wolf

In this note I describe reliability standards for writing and reviewing mathematical papers; these standards are (in my opinion) vital for the progress of mathematics. I give examples of applying the described or other reliability…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-07-08 A. Skopenkov

The note contains a short elementary proof of Cayley's formula for labeled trees.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Victoria Feldman

These are notes for a very rapid introduction to the basics of exterior differential systems and their connection with what is now known as Lie theory, together with some typical and not-so-typical applications to illustrate their use.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-05-14 Robert L. Bryant

In the short note, we describe a sampling construction that yields a sequence of graphons converging to a prescribed limit graphon in 1-norm. This convergence is stronger than the convergence in the cut norm, usually used to study graphon…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-02 Xingchao Jian , Feng Ji , Wee Peng Tay

We present a version of arithmetic in all finite types which allows for a definition of equality at higher types for which all congruence are derivable, for which the soundness of the Dialectica interpretation is provable inside the system…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-21 Benno van den Berg

This collection of sums and integrals has been harvested from the mathematical and physical literature in unstructured ways. Its main use is backtracking the original sources whenever an integral of the reader's application resembles one of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-06-28 Richard J. Mathar

High energy physics features many ingenious tools for extracting finite results from formally divergent expressions. This brief note argues from a new perspective that all such formal infinities are meaningful markers of new physics. As…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-13 Djordje Radicevic

This article aims at clarifying the language and practice of scientific experiment, mainly by hooking observability on calculability.

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Pierre Albarede

In this note we study the convergence of recursively defined infinite series. We explore the role of the derivative of the defining function at the origin (if it exists), and develop a comparison test for such series which can be used even…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-03-16 Tamás Forgács , Jack Luong , Joshua Williamson

In this paper, a new method of detection of election fraud is proposed. This method is based on the calculation of the ratio of two standard normal random variables; estimation of parameters of obtained sample and comparison of these…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-20 Ivan H. Krykun

The purpose of this article is to present, in a simple way, an analytic approach to special numbers and polynomials. The approach is based on the derivative polynomials. The paper is, to some extent, a review article, although it contains…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-02-14 Grzegorz Rzadkowski

This book is not meant to be another compendium of select inequalities, nor does it claim to contain the latest or the slickest ways of proving them. This project is rather an attempt at describing how most functional inequalities are not…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-01-17 Nassif Ghoussoub , Amir Moradifam

Using nonstandard analysis (NSA), the proof of the Laplace's formula is given. The usage of NSA reduces the intricacy of taking limit, and the crude line of the proof would be clearly seen, compared to the done with the rigorous classical…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-01-28 Ryushi Ozaki