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In this lecture, the physics potential for the e+e- linear collider experiments ILC and CLIC is reviewed. The experimental conditions are compared to those at hadron colliders and their intrinsic value for precision experiments,…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Strahinja Lukić

The LHCb Experiment is preparing a detector upgrade fully exploit the flavour physics potential of the LHC. The whole detector will be read out at the full collision rate and the online event selection will be performed by a software…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-09-15 Lars Eklund

\lhcb is one of the four major experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (\lhc) at CERN. It is custom built to look for CP violation and New Physics in rare decays of heavy flavour hadrons, like the B and D systems. Rare decays that occur…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-03-18 Fatima Soomro

Heavy flavour physics provides excellent opportunities to indirectly search for new physics at very high energy scales and to study hadron properties for deep understanding of the strong interaction. The LHCb experiment has been playing a…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-03-23 Shanzhen Chen , Yiming Li , Wenbin Qian , Zhihong Shen , Yuehong Xie , Zhenwei Yang , Liming Zhang , Yanxi Zhang

The International Linear Collider has a rich physics programme, whatever lies beyond the standard model. Accurate measurement of the top quark mass is needed to constrain the model or its extensions. If there is a light Higgs boson the LHC…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 David J. Miller

The installation of forward proton detectors at the LHC will provide the possibility to observe central exclusive processes, opening a novel window on physics beyond the Standard Model. We review recent developments on the discovery…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-10-20 Sylvain Fichet

This paper introduces a list of observations related to the beam-beam interaction that were collected over the first years of LHC proton physics operation (2010-12). Beam-beam related effects not only have been extensively observed and…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2014-09-19 G. Papotti , X. Buffat , W. Herr , R. Giachino , T. Pieloni

The calorimeter and muon systems are essential components to provide a trigger for the LHCb experiment. The calorimeter system comprises a scintillating pad detector and pre-shower, followed by electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters. The…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Sarti

In order to estimate in absolute terms the luminosity of LHC certain beam parameters have to be measured very accurately. In particular the total beam current and the relative distribution of the charges around the ring, the transverse size…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-08-14 Enrico Bravin

We discuss the physics capabilities of basic types of future atmospheric detectors being considered at present, with their strengths and limitations, and compare them with those of long baseline (LBL) experiments. We also argue that recent…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-13 Raj Gandhi

This primer is a brief introduction to the technologies used in particle detectors designed for high-energy particle physics experiments. The intended readers are students, especially undergraduates, starting laboratory work.

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-06-13 A. A. Grillo

The Upgrade II of the LHCb experiment is proposed to be installed during the CERN Long Shutdown 4, aiming to operate LHCb at 1.5x$10^{34}cm^{-2}s^{-1}$ that is 75 times its design luminosity and reaching an integrated luminosity of about…

Dark matter scenarios are being tested at the LHC in the general-purpose experiments through promptly decaying states. In parallel, new dedicated detectors have been proposed for the LHC to probe dark matter portal theories predicting…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-01-27 Vasiliki A. Mitsou

The LHCb experiment is designed for hadronic flavour physics and will look for New Physics manifestations in the decay of charm and bottom hadrons abundantly produced at the LHC. All parts of the LHCb physics programme can be embarked on…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2010-10-12 Olivier Schneider

This article is a pedagogical review to searches for long-lived particles at the LHC, primarily aimed at experimentalists and theorists seeking to initiate and/or deepen their research in this field. We cover general theory priors and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-12-09 Simon Knapen , Steven Lowette

We discuss the physics potential and the experimental challenges of an upgraded LHC running at an instantaneous luminosity of 10**35 cm-2s-1. The detector R&D needed to operate ATLAS and CMS in a very high radiation environment and the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-17 F. Gianotti , M. L. Mangano , T. Virdee

An overview of supersymmetry searches is presented, covering collider experiments, direct and indirect searches for supersymmetric dark matter. Recent LHC experimental results are reviewed, and the constraints from B-meson decays are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-11-11 Vasiliki A. Mitsou

Cherenkov detectors are in use today in small experiments as well as modern ones as those at the LHC. This short note is about the construction of a small Cherenkov detector with limited resources, which could be used to observe the cosmic…

Physics Education · Physics 2017-08-30 Sertac Ozturk , Gokhan N. Unel

At the LHC, for the first time, laboratory energies are sufficiently large to reproduce the kind of reactions that occur when energetic cosmic rays strike the top of the atmosphere. The reaction products of interest for cosmic ray studies…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2010-12-13 E. Norbeck , Y. Onel

During 2011 the LHCb experiment at CERN collected 1.0 fb-1 of sqrt{s} = 7 TeV pp collisions. Due to the large heavy quark production cross-sections, these data provide unprecedented samples of heavy flavoured hadrons. The first results from…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-03-20 LHCb collaboration , A. Bharucha , I. I. Bigi , C. Bobeth , M. Bobrowski , J. Brod , A. J. Buras , C. T. H. Davies , A. Datta , C. Delaunay , S. Descotes-Genon , J. Ellis , T. Feldmann , R. Fleischer , O. Gedalia , J. Girrbach , D. Guadagnoli , G. Hiller , Y. Hochberg , T. Hurth , G. Isidori , S. Jaeger , M. Jung , A. Kagan , J. F. Kamenik , A. Lenz , Z. Ligeti , D. London , F. Mahmoudi , J. Matias , S. Nandi , Y. Nir , P. Paradisi , G. Perez , A. A. Petrov , R. Rattazzi , S. R. Sharpe , L. Silvestrini , A. Soni , D. M. Straub , D. van Dyk , J. Virto , Y. -M. Wang , A. Weiler , J. Zupan. LHCb collaboration , : , R. Aaij , C. Abellan Beteta , A. Adametz , B. Adeva , M. Adinolfi , C. Adrover , A. Affolder , Z. Ajaltouni , J. Albrecht , F. Alessio , M. Alexander , S. Ali , G. Alkhazov , P. Alvarez Cartelle , A. A. Alves , S. Amato , Y. Amhis , L. Anderlini , J. Anderson , R. Andreassen , M. Anelli , R. B. Appleby , O. Aquines Gutierrez , F. Archilli , A. Artamonov , M. Artuso , E. Aslanides , G. Auriemma , S. Bachmann , J. J. Back , C. Baesso , W. Baldini , H. Band , R. J. Barlow , C. Barschel , S. Barsuk , W. Barter , A. Bates , Th. Bauer , A. Bay , J. Beddow , I. Bediaga , C. Beigbeder-Beau , S. Belogurov , K. Belous , I. Belyaev , E. Ben-Haim , M. Benayoun , G. Bencivenni , S. Benson , J. Benton , A. Berezhnoy , F. Bernard , R. Bernet , M. -O. Bettler , M. van Beuzekom , V. van Beveren , A. Bien , S. Bifani , T. Bird , A. Bizzeti , P. M. Bjørnstad , T. Blake , F. Blanc , C. Blanks , J. Blouw , S. Blusk , A. Bobrov , V. Bocci , B. Bochin , H. Boer Rookhuizen , G. Bogdanova , E. Bonaccorsi , A. Bondar , N. Bondar , W. Bonivento , S. Borghi , A. Borgia , T. J. V. Bowcock , E. Bowen , C. Bozzi , T. Brambach , J. van den Brand , L. Brarda , J. Bressieux , D. Brett , M. Britsch , T. Britton , N. H. Brook , H. Brown , A. Büchler-Germann , I. Burducea , A. Bursche , J. Buytaert , T. Cacérès , J. -P. Cachemiche , S. Cadeddu , O. Callot , M. Calvi , M. Calvo Gomez , A. Camboni , P. Campana , A. Carbone , G. Carboni , R. Cardinale , A. Cardini , H. Carranza-Mejia , L. Carson , K. Carvalho Akiba , A. Casajus Ramo , G. Casse , M. Cattaneo , Ch. Cauet , L. Ceelie , B. Chadaj , H. Chanal , M. Charles , D. Charlet , Ph. Charpentier , M. Chebbi , P. Chen , N. Chiapolini , M. Chrzaszcz , P. Ciambrone , K. Ciba , X. Cid Vidal , G. Ciezarek , P. E. L. Clarke , M. Clemencic , H. V. Cliff , J. Closier , C. Coca , V. Coco , J. Cogan , E. Cogneras , P. Collins , A. Comerma-Montells , A. Contu , A. Cook , M. Coombes , B. Corajod , G. Corti , B. Couturier , G. A. Cowan , D. Craik , S. Cunliffe , R. Currie , C. D'Ambrosio , I. D'Antone , P. David , P. N. Y. David , I. De Bonis , K. De Bruyn , S. De Capua , M. De Cian , P. De Groen , J. M. De Miranda , L. De Paula , P. De Simone , D. Decamp , M. Deckenhoff , G. Decreuse , H. Degaudenzi , L. Del Buono , C. Deplano , D. Derkach , O. Deschamps , F. Dettori , A. Di Canto , J. Dickens , H. Dijkstra , P. Diniz Batista , M. Dogaru , F. Domingo Bonal , M. Domke , S. Donleavy , F. Dordei , A. Dosil Suárez , D. Dossett , A. Dovbnya , C. Drancourt , O. Duarte , R. Dumps , F. Dupertuis , P. -Y. Duval , R. Dzhelyadin , A. Dziurda , A. Dzyuba , S. Easo , U. Egede , V. Egorychev , S. Eidelman , D. van Eijk , S. Eisenhardt , R. Ekelhof , L. Eklund , I. El Rifai , Ch. Elsasser , D. Elsby , F. Evangelisti , A. Falabella , C. Färber , G. Fardell , C. Farinelli , S. Farry , P. J. W. Faulkner , V. Fave , G. Felici , V. Fernandez Albor , F. Ferreira Rodrigues , M. Ferro-Luzzi , S. Filippov , C. Fitzpatrick , C. Föhr , M. Fontana , F. Fontanelli , R. Forty , C. Fournier , O. Francisco , M. Frank , C. Frei , R. Frei , M. Frosini , H. Fuchs , S. Furcas , A. Gallas Torreira , D. Galli , M. Gandelman , P. Gandini , Y. Gao , J. Garofoli , P. Garosi , J. Garra Tico , L. Garrido , D. Gascon , C. Gaspar , R. Gauld , E. Gersabeck , M. Gersabeck , T. Gershon , S. Gets , Ph. Ghez , A. Giachero , V. Gibson , V. V. Gligorov , C. Göbel , V. Golovtsov , D. Golubkov , A. Golutvin , A. Gomes , G. Gong , H. Gong , H. Gordon , C. Gotti , M. Grabalosa Gándara , R. Graciani Diaz , L. A. Granado Cardoso , E. Graugés , G. Graziani , A. Grecu , E. Greening , S. Gregson , V. Gromov , O. Grünberg , B. Gui , E. Gushchin , Yu. Guz , Z. Guzik , T. Gys , F. Hachon , C. Hadjivasiliou , G. Haefeli , C. Haen , S. C. Haines , S. Hall , T. Hampson , S. Hansmann-Menzemer , N. Harnew , S. T. Harnew , J. Harrison , P. F. Harrison , T. Hartmann , J. He , B. van der Heijden , V. Heijne , K. Hennessy , P. Henrard , J. A. Hernando Morata , E. van Herwijnen , E. Hicks , D. Hill , M. Hoballah , W. Hofmann , C. Hombach , P. Hopchev , W. Hulsbergen , P. Hunt , T. Huse , N. Hussain , D. Hutchcroft , D. Hynds , V. Iakovenko , P. Ilten , J. Imong , R. Jacobsson , A. Jaeger , O. Jamet , E. Jans , F. Jansen , L. Jansen , P. Jansweijer , P. Jaton , F. Jing , M. John , D. Johnson , C. R. Jones , B. Jost , M. Kaballo , S. Kandybei , M. Karacson , O. Karavichev , T. M. Karbach , A. Kashchuk , T. Kechadi , I. R. Kenyon , U. Kerzel , T. Ketel , A. Keune , B. Khanji , T. Kihm , R. Kluit , O. Kochebina , V. Komarov , R. F. Koopman , P. Koppenburg , M. Korolev , J. Kos , A. Kozlinskiy , L. Kravchuk , K. Kreplin , M. Kreps , R. Kristic , G. Krocker , P. Krokovny , F. Kruse , M. Kucharczyk , Y. Kudenko , V. Kudryavtsev , T. Kvaratskheliya , V. N. La Thi , D. Lacarrere , G. Lafferty , A. Lai , D. Lambert , R. W. Lambert , E. Lanciotti , L. Landi , G. Lanfranchi , C. Langenbruch , S. Laptev , T. Latham , I. Lax , C. Lazzeroni , R. Le Gac , J. van Leerdam , J. -P. Lees , R. Lefèvre , A. Leflat , J. Lefrançois , O. Leroy , T. Lesiak , Y. Li , L. Li Gioi , A. Likhoded , M. Liles , R. Lindner , C. Linn , B. Liu , G. Liu , J. von Loeben , J. H. Lopes , E. Lopez Asamar , N. Lopez-March , H. Lu , J. Luisier , H. Luo , A. Mac Raighne , F. Machefert , I. V. Machikhiliyan , F. Maciuc , O. Maev , M. Maino , S. Malde , G. Manca , G. Mancinelli , N. Mangiafave , U. Marconi , R. Märki , J. Marks , G. Martellotti , A. Martens , A. Martín Sánchez , M. Martinelli , D. Martinez Santos , D. Martins Tostes , A. Massafferri , R. Matev , Z. Mathe , C. Matteuzzi , M. Matveev , E. Maurice , J. Mauricio , A. Mazurov , J. McCarthy , R. McNulty , B. Meadows , M. Meissner , H. Mejia , V. Mendez-Munoz , M. Merk , D. A. Milanes , M. -N. Minard , J. Molina Rodriguez , S. Monteil , D. Moran , P. Morawski , R. Mountain , I. Mous , F. Muheim , F. Mul , K. Müller , B. Munneke , R. Muresan , B. Muryn , B. Muster , P. Naik , T. Nakada , R. Nandakumar , I. Nasteva , A. Nawrot , M. Needham , N. Neufeld , A. D. Nguyen , T. D. Nguyen , C. Nguyen-Mau , M. Nicol , V. Niess , N. Nikitin , T. Nikodem , Y. Nikolaiko , S. Nisar , A. Nomerotski , A. Novoselov , A. Oblakowska-Mucha , V. Obraztsov , S. Oggero , S. Ogilvy , O. Okhrimenko , R. Oldeman , M. Orlandea , A. Ostankov , J. M. Otalora Goicochea , M. van Overbeek , P. Owen , B. K. Pal , A. Palano , M. Palutan , J. Panman , A. Papanestis , M. Pappagallo , C. Parkes , C. J. Parkinson , G. Passaleva , G. D. Patel , M. Patel , G. N. Patrick , C. Patrignani , C. Pavel-Nicorescu , A. Pazos Alvarez , A. Pellegrino , G. Penso , M. Pepe Altarelli , S. Perazzini , D. L. Perego , E. Perez Trigo , A. Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo , P. Perret , M. Perrin-Terrin , G. Pessina , K. Petridis , A. Petrolini , O. van Petten , A. Phan , E. Picatoste Olloqui , D. Piedigrossi , B. Pietrzyk , T. Pilař , D. Pinci , S. Playfer , M. Plo Casasus , F. Polci , G. Polok , A. Poluektov , E. Polycarpo , D. Popov , B. Popovici , C. Potterat , A. Powell , J. Prisciandaro , M. Pugatch , V. Pugatch , A. Puig Navarro , W. Qian , J. H. Rademacker , B. Rakotomiaramanana , M. S. Rangel , I. Raniuk , N. Rauschmayr , G. Raven , S. Redford , M. M. Reid , A. C. dos Reis , F. Rethore , S. Ricciardi , A. Richards , K. Rinnert , V. Rives Molina , D. A. Roa Romero , P. Robbe , E. Rodrigues , P. Rodriguez Perez , E. Roeland , G. J. Rogers , S. Roiser , V. Romanovsky , A. Romero Vidal , K. de Roo , J. Rouvinet , L. Roy , K. Rudloff , T. Ruf , H. Ruiz , G. Sabatino , J. J. Saborido Silva , N. Sagidova , P. Sail , B. Saitta , C. Salzmann , B. Sanmartin Sedes , R. Santacesaria , C. Santamarina Rios , E. Santovetti , S. Saornil Gamarra , M. Sapunov , A. Saputi , A. Sarti , C. Satriano , A. Satta , T. Savidge , M. Savrie , P. Schaack , M. Schiller , A. Schimmel , H. Schindler , S. Schleich , M. Schlupp , M. Schmelling , B. Schmidt , O. Schneider , T. Schneider , A. Schopper , H. Schuijlenburg , M. -H. Schune , R. Schwemmer , B. Sciascia , A. Sciubba , M. Seco , A. Semennikov , K. Senderowska , I. Sepp , N. Serra , J. Serrano , P. Seyfert , B. Shao , M. Shapkin , I. Shapoval , P. Shatalov , Y. Shcheglov , T. Shears , L. Shekhtman , O. Shevchenko , V. Shevchenko , A. Shires , S. Sigurdsson , R. Silva Coutinho , T. Skwarnicki , M. W. Slater , T. Sluijk , N. A. Smith , E. Smith , M. Smith , K. Sobczak , M. D. Sokoloff , F. J. P. Soler , F. Soomro , D. Souza , B. Souza De Paula , B. Spaan , A. Sparkes , P. Spradlin , S. Squerzanti , F. Stagni , S. Stahl , O. Steinkamp , O. Stenyakin , S. Stoica , S. Stone , B. Storaci , M. Straticiuc , U. Straumann , V. K. Subbiah , S. Swientek , M. Szczekowski , P. Szczypka , T. Szumlak , S. T'Jampens , M. Teklishyn , E. Teodorescu , F. Teubert , C. Thomas , E. Thomas , A. Tikhonov , J. van Tilburg , V. Tisserand , M. Tobin , V. Tocut , S. Tolk , D. Tonelli , S. Topp-Joergensen , N. Torr , E. Tournefier , S. Tourneur , M. T. Tran , M. Tresch , A. Tsaregorodtsev , P. Tsopelas , N. Tuning , M. Ubeda Garcia , A. Ukleja , O. Ullaland , D. Urner , U. Uwer , V. Vagnoni , G. Valenti , R. Vazquez Gomez , P. Vazquez Regueiro , S. Vecchi , J. J. Velthuis , M. Veltri , G. Veneziano , M. Vesterinen , B. Viaud , D. Vieira , X. Vilasis-Cardona , W. Vink , S. Volkov , V. Volkov , A. Vollhardt , D. Volyanskyy , D. Voong , A. Vorobyev , V. Vorobyev , C. Voß , H. Voss , G. Vouters , R. Waldi , R. Wallace , S. Wandernoth , J. Wang , D. R. Ward , K. Warda , N. K. Watson , A. D. Webber , D. Websdale , P. Wenerke , M. Whitehead , J. Wicht , D. Wiedner , L. Wiggers , G. Wilkinson , M. P. Williams , M. Williams , F. F. Wilson , J. Wishahi , M. Witek , W. Witzeling , S. A. Wotton , S. Wright , S. Wu , K. Wyllie , Y. Xie , Z. Xing , T. Xue , Z. Yang , R. Young , X. Yuan , O. Yushchenko , M. Zangoli , F. Zappon , M. Zavertyaev , M. Zeng , F. Zhang , L. Zhang , W. C. Zhang , Y. Zhang , A. Zhelezov , L. Zhong , E. Zverev , A. Zvyagin , A. Zwart