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We design a heat engine with multi-heat-reservoir, ancillary system and quantum memory. We then derive an inequality related with the second law of thermodynamics, and give a new limitation about the work gain from the engine by analyzing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-09 Li-Hang Ren , Heng Fan

We derive a bound on the efficiency of thermal engines that can be sharper than Carnot's limit. It is a function of statistical correlations between the engine internal state and Hamiltonian, can be saturated even in finite-time cycles, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Anna Gabetti , Fabrizio Dolcini , Davide Girolami

The efficiency at maximum power (EMP) of irreversible Carnot-like heat engines is investigated based on the weak endoreversible assumption and the phenomenologically irreversible thermodynamics. It is found that the weak endoreversible…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-05-08 Yang Wang , Z. C. Tu

We present the general theory of a quantum heat machine based on an $N$-level system (working medium) whose $N-1$ excited levels are degenerate, a prerequisite for steady-state interlevel coherence. Our goal is to find out: To what extent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-14 Wolfgang Niedenzu , David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky , Gershon Kurizki

Stochastic heat engines are devices that generate work from random thermal motion using a small number of highly fluctuating degrees of freedom. Proposals for such devices have existed for more than a century and include the Maxwell demon…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-07-06 Marc Serra-Garcia , André Foehr , Miguel Molerón , Joseph Lydon , Christopher Chong , Chiara Daraio

We show that a cyclic unitary process can extract work from the thermodynamic equilibrium state of an engineered quantum dissipative process. Systems in the equilibrium states of these processes serve as batteries, storing energy. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-05 Felipe Barra

Quantum heat engines provide attractive means in quantum thermodynamics for studying the fundamentals of the flow of heat and work. Previous experimental implementations of heat engines operating at the level of a few excitation quanta have…

We propose a theoretical model for a colloidal heat engine driven by a feedback protocol that is able to fully convert the net heat absorbed by the hot bath into extracted work. The feedback protocol, inspired by gambling strategies,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-27 Tarek Tohme , Valentina Bedoya , Costantino di Bello , Léa Bresque , Gonzalo Manzano , Édgar Roldán

We revisit the optimization of performance of finite-time Carnot machines satisfying the low-dissipation assumption. The standard procedure seeks to optimize an objective function, such as power output of the engine, over the durations of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-11-06 Ramandeep S. Johal

We derive an analytical expression for maximum efficiency at fixed power of heat pumps operating along a finite-time reverse Carnot cycle under the low-dissipation assumption. The result is cumbersome, but it implies simple formulas for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-28 Zhuolin Ye , Viktor Holubec

We present a self contained formalism modelled after the Brownian motion of a quantum harmonic oscillator for describing the performance of microscopic Brownian heat engines like Carnot, Stirling and Otto engines. Our theory, besides…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-07 G. S. Agarwal , S. Chaturvedi

Sadi Carnot's theorem regarding the maximum efficiency of heat engines is considered to be of fundamental importance in thermodynamics. This theorem famously states that the maximum efficiency depends only on the temperature of the heat…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Mischa P. Woods , Nelly Ng , Stephanie Wehner

Recent studies have investigated the role of entanglement in the operation of a two-qubit system as a heat engine, showing that work can be extracted from a single heat bath without direct heat dissipation between the two-qubit system and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-10 Hachem Tarif , Abdallah Slaoui , Rachid Ahl Laamara

It is possible to extract work from a quantum-mechanical system whose dynamics is governed by a time-dependent cyclic Hamiltonian. An energy bath is required to operate such a quantum engine in place of the heat bath used to run a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 C. M. Bender , D. C. Brody , B. K. Meister

We have studied the single particle heat engine and refrigerator driven by time asymmetric protocol of finite duration. Our system consists of a particle in a harmonic trap with time-periodic strength that drives the particle cyclically…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-12-21 P. S. Pal , Arnab Saha , A. M. Jayannavar

Heat engines cannot generally operate at maximum power and efficiency, imposing a trade-off between the two. Here, we highlight the exact nature of this trade-off for engines that exchange heat radiatively with a hot source. We derive…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-12-25 Maxime Giteau , Michela F. Picardi , Georgia T. Papadakis

A central building block of a heat engine is the working fluid, which mediates the conversion of heat into work. In nanoscale heat engines, the working fluid can be a quantum system whose behavior and dynamics are non-classical. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Riya Baruah , Pedro Portugal , Jun-Zhe Chen , Joachim Wabnig , Christian Flindt

The thermodynamics of quantum systems coupled to periodically modulated heat baths and work reservoirs is developed. By identifying affinities and fluxes, the first and second law are formulated consistently. In the linear response regime,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-06-29 Kay Brandner , Udo Seifert

The introduction of the quantum analogue of a Carnot engine based on a bath comprising of particles with a small amount of coherence initiated an active line of research on the harnessing of different quantum resources for the enhancement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-23 Kenza Hammam , Heather Leitch , Yassine Hassouni , Gabriele De Chiara

After a brief historical perspective, we introduce the key notions of work and heat for quantum systems, to then apply them to quantum engines operating on quantum Otto and Carnot cycles. The irreversible and dissipative character of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Camille L Latune
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