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The modern imaging techniques of Positron Emission Tomography and of Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography are not only two of the most important tools for studying the functional characteristics of the brain, but they now also play a…

Medical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. S. Fokas , A. Iserles , V. Marinakis

Quantifying material mass and electron density from computed tomography (CT) reconstructions can be highly valuable in certain medical practices, such as radiation therapy planning. However, uniquely parameterising the X-ray attenuation in…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-04-30 Jonathan H. Mason , Alessandro Perelli , William H. Nailon , Mike E. Davies

We review briefly the fundamental equations of a semi-microscopic core-particle coupling method that makes no reference to an intrinsic system of coordinates. We then demonstrate how an intrinsic system can be introduced in the strong…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Pavlos Protopapas , Abraham Klein

Semi-local density functionals for the exchange-correlation energy of electrons are extensively used as it produce realistic and accurate results for finite and extended systems. The choice of techniques play crucial role in constructing…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-11-01 Subrata Jana , Prasanjit Samal

Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) has emerged as a powerful tool for the investigation of plasmonic nanoparticles, but the interpretation of EELS results in in terms of optical quantities, such as the photonic local density of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-09-08 Anton Hörl , Andreas Trügler , Ulrich Hohenester

Electron microscopy is a powerful tool for studying the properties of materials down to their atomic structure. In many cases, the quantitative interpretation of images requires simulations based on atomistic structure models. These…

We present a new method for calculating electronic states in low-dimensional semiconductor heterostructures, which is based on the real-space Hamiltonian in the envelope function approximation. The numerical implementation of the method is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-06-01 Yong-Hee Cho , Alexey Belyanin

We derive exact reconstruction methods for cracks consisting of unions of Lipschitz hypersurfaces in the context of Calder\'on's inverse conductivity problem. Our first method obtains upper bounds for the unknown cracks, bounds that can be…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Henrik Garde , Michael Vogelius

This is the second of a series of three papers that present a methodology with the aim of creating a set of maps of the coronal density over a period of many years. This paper describes a method for reconstructing the coronal electron…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-22 Huw Morgan

A new method for calculation of band structure has been proposed based on the Green's function theory and local sampling. Potential energy in the Hamiltonian of Schrodinger's equation is approximated with a series of sampled Dirac delta…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-02-24 Milad Khoshnegar , Sina Khorasani , Amirhossein Hosseinnia

We present a new method for the computation of self-energy corrections in large supercells. It eliminates the explicit summation over unoccupied states, and uses an iterative scheme based on an expansion of the Green's function around a set…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 Lucia Reining , Giovanni Onida , R. W. Godby

Electrical impedance tomography is an imaging modality for extracting information on the conductivity distribution inside a physical body from boundary measurements of current and voltage. In many practical applications, it is a priori…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-06-06 Lauri Harhanen , Nuutti Hyvönen , Helle Majander , Stratos Staboulis

In this letter, we show that the Semiclassical Einstein's Field Equation can be recovered using the generalized entropy $S_{gen}$. This approach is reminiscent of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Furthermore, contrary to the entanglement…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-30 Naman Kumar

On semiconductor growth surfaces, surface reconstructions appear. Estimation of the reconstructed structures is essential for understanding and controlling growth phenomena. In this study, the stability of a mixture of two different surface…

We present a new numerical method for the isometric embedding of 2-geometries specified by their 2-metrics in three dimensional Euclidean space. Our approach is to directly solve the fundamental embedding equation supplemented by six…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-23 Wolfgang Tichy , Jonathan R. McDonald , Warner A. Miller

In the present work we study numerical solution of the radial Dirac equation in a specific case - ab-initio pseudopotential generating process - which is needed within the electronic structure calculations using a Density Functional Theory…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2007-10-19 Ondrej Certik

We study the computation of equilibrium points of electrostatic potentials: locations in space where the electrostatic force arising from a collection of charged particles vanishes. This is a novel scenario of optimization in which…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Abheek Ghosh , Paul W. Goldberg , Alexandros Hollender

Most density functionals have been developed by imposing the known exact constraints on the exchange-correlation energy, or by a fit to a set of properties of selected systems, or by both. However, accurate modeling of the conventional…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-08-24 Jianmin Tao , Yuxiang Mo

We consider the problem of reconstructing global quantum states from local data. Because the reconstruction problem has many solutions in general, we consider the reconstructed state of maximum global entropy consistent with the local data.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-31 Brian Swingle , Isaac H. Kim

We propose a new method for calculating total energies of systems of interacting electrons, which requires little more computational resources than standard density-functional theories. The total energy is calculated within the framework of…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 Paula Sanchez-Friera , R. W. Godby