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The new field of quantum error correction has developed spectacularly since its origin less than two years ago. Encoded quantum information can be protected from errors that arise due to uncontrolled interactions with the environment.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 John Preskill

Concatenating quantum error correction codes scales error correction capability by driving logical error rates down double-exponentially across levels. However, the noise structure shifts under concatenation, making it hard to choose an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Nico Meyer , Christopher Mutschler , Dominik Seuß , Andreas Maier , Daniel D. Scherer

Quantum error correction is an important building block for reliable quantum information processing. A challenging hurdle in the theory of quantum error correction is that it is significantly more difficult to design error-correcting codes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Yuichiro Fujiwara , Alexander Gruner , Peter Vandendriessche

Quantum error correction in general is experimentally challenging as it requires significant expansion of the size of quantum circuits and accurate performance of quantum gates to fulfill the error threshold requirement. Here we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-04 C. Shen , L. -M. Duan

Quantum computers herald the arrival of a new era in which previously intractable computational problems will be solved efficiently. However, quantum technology is held down by decoherence, a phenomenon that is omnipresent in the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-17 Patricio Fuentes

In this paper, we discuss a construction method of quantum deletion error-correcting codes. First of all, we define deletion errors for quantum states, an encoder, a decoder, and two conditions which is expressed by only the combinatorial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-03 Ayumu Nakayama , Manabu Hagiwara

Known quantum error correction schemes are typically able to take advantage of only a limited class of classical error-correcting codes. Entanglement-assisted quantum error correction is a partial solution which made it possible to exploit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-24 Yuichiro Fujiwara

Methods of finding good quantum error correcting codes are discussed, and many example codes are presented. The recipe C_2^{\perp} \subseteq C_1, where C_1 and C_2 are classical codes, is used to obtain codes for up to 16 information qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Andrew Steane

Quantum error correction protects quantum information against environmental noise. When using qubits, a measure of quality of a code is the maximum number of errors that it is able to correct. We show that a suitable notion of ``number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Emanuel Knill , Raymond Laflamme , Lorenza Viola

Controlling operational errors and decoherence is one of the major challenges facing the field of quantum computation and other attempts to create specified many-particle entangled states. The field of quantum error correction has developed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel Gottesman

The quantum computing devices of today have tens to hundreds of qubits that are highly susceptible to noise due to unwanted interactions with their environment. The theory of quantum error correction provides a scheme by which the effects…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-02 Akshaya Jayashankar , Prabha Mandayam

Noise is one of the central obstacles to building useful quantum computers, and quantum error correction (QEC) provides the framework for protecting quantum information against it. Unlike classical error correction, QEC must preserve…

This report surveys quantum error-correcting codes. As Preskill claimed, 21st century would be the golden age of quantum error correction. Quantum channels behave differently from classical channels, so researchers face difficulties in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hsun-Hsien Chang

Quantum computation is a subject of much theoretical promise, but has not been realized in large scale, despite the discovery of fault-tolerant procedures to overcome decoherence. Part of the reason is that the theoretically modest…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Debbie W. Leung

We show how good quantum error-correcting codes can be constructed using generalized concatenation. The inner codes are quantum codes, the outer codes can be linear or nonlinear classical codes. Many new good codes are found, including both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-01 Markus Grassl , Peter W. Shor , Bei Zeng

The concept of multiple particle interference is discussed, using insights provided by the classical theory of error correcting codes. This leads to a discussion of error correction in a quantum communication channel or a quantum computer.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Andrew Steane

Quantum error correction plays an important role in fault-tolerant quantum information processing. It is usually difficult to experimentally realize quantum error correction, as it requires multiple qubits and quantum gates with high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-10 Qihao Guo , Yuan-Yuan Zhao , Markus Grassl , Xinfang Nie , Guo-Yong Xiang , Tao Xin , Zhang-Qi Yin , Bei Zeng

For realizing a quantum memory we suggest to first encode quantum information via a quantum error correcting code and then concatenate combined decoding and re-encoding operations. This requires that the encoding and the decoding operation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dirk Schlingemann

Quantum error-correcting codes will be the ultimate enabler of a future quantum computing or quantum communication device. This theory forms the cornerstone of practical quantum information theory. We provide several contributions to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-29 Mark M. Wilde

A fault-tolerant quantum computation requires an efficient means to detect and correct errors that accumulate in encoded quantum information. In the context of machine learning, neural networks are a promising new approach to quantum error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-01 P. Baireuther , T. E. O'Brien , B. Tarasinski , C. W. J. Beenakker