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Infrared Dark Clouds appear to be the long sought population of cold and dense aggregations with the potential of harbouring the earliest stages of massive star formation. Up to now there has been no systematic study on the temperature…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Thushara Pillai , Friedrich Wyrowski , Sean J. Carey , Karl M. Menten

A set of diffuse interstellar clouds in the inner Galaxy within a few hundred pc of the Galactic plane has been observed at an angular resolution of ~1 arcmin combining data from the NRAO Green Bank Telescope and the Very Large Array. At…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 Yurii Pidopryhora , Felix J. Lockman , John M. Dickey , Michael P. Rupen

We summarize the properties of Infrared Dark Clouds, massive, dense, and cool aggregations of interstellar gas and dust that are found througout the Galaxy in projection against the strong mid-infrared background. We describe their…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 K. M. Menten , T. Pillai , F. Wyrowski

Massive clumps, prior to the formation of any visible protostars, are the best candidates to search for the elusive massive starless cores. In this work we investigate the dust and gas properties of massive clumps selected to be 70 micron…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-07-26 A. Traficante , G. A. Fuller , N. Billot , A. Duarte-Cabral , M. Merello , S. Molinari , N. Peretto , E. Schisano

We report the identification of a sample of potential High-Mass Starless Cores (HMSCs). The cores were discovered by comparing images of the fields containing candidate High-Mass Protostellar Objects (HMPOs) at 1.2mm and mid-infrared…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 T. K. Sridharan , H. Beuther , M. Saito , F. Wyrowski , P. Schilke

The initial conditions found in infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) provide insights on how high-mass stars and stellar clusters form. We have conducted high-angular resolution and high-sensitivity observations toward thirty-nine massive IRDC…

Maps of the 450 micron and 850 micron dust continuum emission from three star-forming condensations within the Lynds 1630 molecular cloud, made with the SCUBA bolometer array, reveal the presence of four new submillimetre sources, each of a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Robin R. Phillips , Andy G. Gibb , Leslie T. Little

We present a catalogue of molecular cloud cores drawn from high latitude, medium opacity clouds, using the all-sky IRAS Sky Survey Atlas (ISSA) images at 60 and 100~$\mu$m. The typical column densities of the cores are $ N(H_2)\sim 3.8…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 N. E. Jessop , D. Ward-Thompson

We present 3.7 arcsec (~0.05 pc) resolution 3.2 mm dust continuum observations from the IRAM PdBI, with the aim of studying the structure and fragmentation of the filamentary Infrared Dark Cloud G035.39-00.33. The continuum emission is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-08-16 J. D. Henshaw , P. Caselli , F. Fontani , I. Jimenez-Serra , J. C. Tan , S. N. Longmore , J. E. Pineda , R. J. Parker , A. T. Barnes

We present a multiwavelength study of the filamentary infrared dark cloud (IRDC) G333.73+0.37. The region contains two distinct mid-infrared sources S1 and S2 connected by dark lanes of gas and dust. Cold dust emission from the IRDC is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-24 V. S. Veena , S. Vig , B. Mookerjea , A. Sanchez-Monge , A. Tej , C. H. Ishwara-Chandra

At the onset of high-mass star formation, accreting protostars are deeply embedded in massive cores made of gas and dust. Their spectral energy distribution is still dominated by the cold dust and rises steeply from near-to far-infrared…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 H. Beuther , J. Steinacker

Infrared Dark Clouds (IRDCs), condensed regions of the ISM with high column densities, low temperatures and high masses, are suspected sites of star formation. Thousands of IRDCs have already been identified. To date, it has not been…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-18 Matthijs H. D. van der Wiel , Russell F. Shipman

To study the fragmentation and gravitational collapse of dense cores in infrared dark clouds (IRDCs), we have obtained submillimeter continuum and spectral line data as well as multiple inversion transitions of NH3 and H2O maser data of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 Xing Lu , Qizhou Zhang , Ke Wang , Qiusheng Gu

Dense cores in massive, parsec-scale molecular clumps are sites that harbor protocluster formation. We present results from observations towards a hub-filament structure of a massive Infrared Dark Cloud (IRDC) G14.225-0.506 using the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-03-14 Yanhanle Zhao , Qizhou Zhang , Junhao Liu , Xing Pan , Lingzhen Zeng

A sample of 1.3 mm continuum cores in the Dragon infrared dark cloud (also known as G28.37+0.07 or G28.34+0.06) is analyzed statistically. Based on their association with molecular outflows, the sample is divided into protostellar and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-05-26 Shuo Kong , Héctor G. Arce , Yancy Shirley , Colton Glasgow

We present high resolution (0.2", 1000 AU) 1.3 mm ALMA observations of massive infrared dark cloud clump, G028.37+00.07-C1, thought to harbor the early stages of massive star formation. Using $\rm N_2D^+$(3-2) we resolve the previously…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-14 Shuo Kong , Jonathan C. Tan , Paola Caselli , Francesco Fontani , Ke Wang , Michael J. Butler

We report the discovery of two very cold and massive molecular cloud cores in the region ISOSS J18364-0221. The object has been identified by a systematic search for very early evolutionary stages of high-mass stars using the 170 micron…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Stephan M. Birkmann , Oliver Krause , Dietrich Lemke

This paper presents results from modelling 450 micron and 850 micron continuum and HCO+ line observations of three distinct cores of an infrared dark cloud (IRDC) directed toward the W51 GMC. In the sub-mm continuum these cores appear as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 C. W. Ormel , R. F. Shipman , V. Ossenkopf , F. P. Helmich

Stars are born from dense cores in molecular clouds. Observationally, it is crucial to capture the formation of cores in order to understand the necessary conditions and rate of the star formation process. The {\it Atacama Large Mm/sub-mm…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-03-28 Shuo Kong , Jonathan C. Tan , Héctor G. Arce , Paola Caselli , Francesco Fontani , Michael J. Butler

Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) are potential hosts of the elusive early phases of high-mass star formation (HMSF). Here we conduct an in-depth analysis of the fragmentation properties of a sample of 10 IRDCs, which have been highlighted as…