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A new model for the formation of Jovian planets is proposed. We consider planets forming at large distances from a protostar (>100 AU) through direct fragmentation of a gas cloud, by the same formation mechanism as wide stellar and brown…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. Font-Ribera , J. Miralda-Escudé , I. Ribas

In this work we pose the possibility that, at an early stage, the migration of a proto--giant planet caused by the presence of a gaseous circumstellar disk could explain the continuous feeding of small bodies into its orbit. Particularly,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-13 Pablo Lemos , Tabaré Gallardo

We present two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of self-gravitating protostellar disks subject to axisymmetric infall from envelopes and irradiation from the central star, to explore disk fragmentation due to gravitational instability…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Zhaohuan Zhu , Lee Hartmann , Richard P. Nelson , Charles F. Gammie

Complex structures, including sharp edges, rings and gaps, have been commonly observed in protoplanetary disks with or without planetary candidates. Here we consider the possibility that they are the intrinsic consequences of angular…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-04 Zhuoya Cao , Ya-Ping Li , Douglas N. C. Lin , Shude Mao

We present a new analytic approach to the disk-planet interaction that is especially useful for planets with eccentricity larger than the disk aspect ratio. We make use of the dynamical friction formula to calculate the force exerted on the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Takayuki Muto , Taku Takeuchi , Shigeru Ida

The stellar rotation has an essential role in modifying the structure of the star and, therefore, the way these different interplays arise. On the other hand, changes in orbits impact the star's rotation and its evolution. The evolution of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-11 Thiago M. Santiago , Sarah G. A. Barbosa , Francisco J. Cavalcante , Daniel B. de Freitas

The motion of solid particles embedded in gaseous protoplanetary disks is influenced by turbulent fluctuations. Consequently, the dynamics of moderately to weakly coupled solids can be distinctly different from the dynamics of the gas.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-17 Fabian Binkert , Judit Szulágyi , Til Birnstiel

Upcoming studies of extrasolar gas giants will give precise insights into the composition of planetary atmospheres with the ultimate goal to link it to the formation history of the planet. Here, we investigate how drifting and evaporating…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-13 Aaron David Schneider , Bertram Bitsch

Planets with masses larger than about 0.1 Earth-masses undergo rapid inward migration (type I migration) in a standard protoplanetary disk. Recent magnetohydrodynamical simulations revealed the presence of magnetically driven disk winds,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 Masahiro Ogihara , Eiichiro Kokubo , Takeru K. Suzuki , Alessandro Morbidelli

With hydrodynamical simulations we determine the conditions under which an initially coplanar planet-disc system that orbits a member of a misaligned binary star evolves to form a planet that undergoes Kozai-Lidov (KL) oscillations once the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-23 Rebecca G. Martin , Stephen H. Lubow , Chris Nixon , Philip J. Armitage

Outward migration of low-mass planets has recently been shown to be a possibility in non-barotropic disks. We examine the consequences of this result in evolutionary models of protoplanetary disks. Planet migration occurs towards…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 W. Lyra , S. -J. Paardekooper , M. -M. Mac Low

We present the results of our recent study on the interactions between a giant planet and a self-gravitating gas disk. We investigate how the disk's self-gravity affects the gap formation process and the migration of the giant planet. Two…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Hui Zhang , Huigen Liu , Ji-Lin Zhou , Robert A. Wittenmyer

A giant planet embedded in a protoplanetary disk excites spiral density waves, which steepen into shocks as they propagate away from the planet. These shocks lead to secular disk heating and gap opening, both of which can have important…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-15 Satoshi Okuzumi , Takayuki Muto , Ryosuke T. Tominaga , Shizu Shimizu

Gravitational coupling between a protoplanetary disc and an embedded eccentric planet is an important, long-standing problem, which has been not yet been conclusively explored. Here we study the torque and associated orbital evolution of an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-31 Callum W. Fairbairn , Roman R. Rafikov

We investigate the evolution of two-planet systems embedded in a protoplanetary disc, which are composed of a Jupiter-mass planet plus another body located further out in the disc. We consider outermost planets with masses ranging from 10…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Arnaud Pierens , Richard P. Nelson

We consider the evolution of a system containing a population of massive planets formed rapidly through a fragmentation process occurring on a scale on the order of 100 au and a lower mass planet that assembles in a disc on a much longer…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Caroline Terquem , John C. B. Papaloizou

A significant fraction of unstable multiple planet systems likely scatter during the transitional disc phase as gas damping becomes ineffectual. Using an ensemble of FARGO hydrodynamic simulations and MERCURY n-body integrations, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Nickolas Moeckel , Philip J. Armitage

Migration of giant planets remains a complex topic. While significant progress has been made for high-viscosity disks, the migration of planets with large planet-star mass ratios in low-viscosity environments is still not fully understood.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-19 Mariana Sánchez , Sijme-Jan Paardekooper , Nienke van der Marel , Pablo Benítez-Llambay , Gijs D. Mulders

We study the three-dimensional evolution of a viscous protoplanetary disc which accretes gas material from a second protoplanetary disc during a close encounter in an embedded star cluster. The aim is to investigate the capability of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 M. Xiang-Gruess , P. Kroupa

Over the last two decades, a large population of close-in planets has been detected around a wide variety of host stars. Such exoplanets are likely to undergo planetary migration through magnetic and tidal interactions. We aim to follow the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-23 Jérémy Ahuir , Antoine Strugarek , Allan-Sacha Brun , Stéphane Mathis
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