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The field of Machine Learning has changed significantly since the 1970s. However, its most basic principle, Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM), remains unchanged. We propose Functional Risk Minimization~(FRM), a general framework where…

A wide array of machine learning problems are formulated as the minimization of the expectation of a convex loss function on some parameter space. Since the probability distribution of the data of interest is usually unknown, it is is often…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-27 Emilie Chouzenoux , Henri Gérard , Jean-Christophe Pesquet

In the present article the author extends the Fourier transform to a more general class of functions; First to power-law functions with integer and half-integer exponents then to the widely used quantum statistics function (Fermi-Dirac and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2019-12-30 Cyril Belardinelli

Despite being the most popular methods of data analysis, Fourier-based techniques suffer from the problem of static resolution that is currently believed to be a fundamental limitation of the Fourier Transform. Although alternative…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2008-06-04 Andrey Khilko

Risk measure forecast and model have been developed in order to not only provide better forecast but also preserve its (empirical) property especially coherent property. Whilst the widely used risk measure of Value-at-Risk (VaR) has shown…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-09-08 Bony Josaphat , Khreshna Syuhada

We generalize Quasi-Linear Means by restricting to the tail of the risk distribution and show that this can be a useful quantity in risk management since it comprises in its general form the Value at Risk, the Tail Value at Risk and the…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-22 Nicole Bäuerle , Tomer Shushi

Risk control and optimal diversification constitute a major focus in the finance and insurance industries as well as, more or less consciously, in our everyday life. We present a discussion of the characterization of risks and of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 Didier Sornette

A new realized conditional autoregressive Value-at-Risk (VaR) framework is proposed, through incorporating a measurement equation into the original quantile regression model. The framework is further extended by employing various Expected…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-01-18 Chao Wang , Richard Gerlach , Qian Chen

In this paper, we consider a multi-objective control problem for stochastic systems that seeks to minimize a cost of interest while ensuring safety. We introduce a novel measure of safety risk using the conditional value-at-risk and a set…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-23 Samantha Samuelson , Insoon Yang

We study combinations of risk measures under no restrictive assumption on the set of alternatives. We develop and discuss results regarding the preservation of properties and acceptance sets for the combinations of risk measures. One of the…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-05-09 Marcelo Brutti Righi

Probabilistic sensitivity analysis identifies the influential uncertain input to guide decision-making. We propose a general sensitivity framework with respect to the input distribution parameters that unifies a wide range of sensitivity…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-10 Jiannan Yang

Discrete transforms, such as the discrete Fourier transform, are widely used in machine learning to improve model performance by extracting meaningful features. However, with numerous transforms available, selecting an appropriate one often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Gekko Budiutama , Shunsuke Daimon , Hirofumi Nishi , Yu-ichiro Matsushita

We establish a profound connection between coherent risk measures, a prominent object in quantitative finance, and uniform integrability, a fundamental concept in probability theory. Instead of working with absolute values of random…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-08 Muqiao Huang , Ruodu Wang

Statistical models incorporating change points are common in practice, especially in the area of biomedicine. This approach is appealing in that a specific parameter is introduced to account for the abrupt change in the response variable…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Hongling Zhou , Kung-Yee Liang

Estimating covariances between financial assets plays an important role in risk management. In practice, when the sample size is small compared to the number of variables, the empirical estimate is known to be very unstable. Here, we…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Rajbir-Singh Nirwan , Nils Bertschinger

Conditional forecasts of risk measures play an important role in internal risk management of financial institutions as well as in regulatory capital calculations. In order to assess forecasting performance of a risk measurement procedure,…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2017-02-22 Natalia Nolde , Johanna F. Ziegel

Value-at-risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES) are two commonly utilized metrics for quantifying financial risk. In this study, we review the widely employed Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models. These…

Computation · Statistics 2024-05-14 Kanon Kamronnaher , Andrew Bellucco , Whitney K. Huang , Colin M. Gallagher

The aim of this paper is to provide several examples of convex risk measures necessary for the application of the general framework for portfolio theory of Maier-Paape and Zhu, presented in Part I of this series (arXiv:1710.04579…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2017-10-16 Stanislaus Maier-Paape , Qiji Jim Zhu

We study the excess minimum risk in statistical inference, defined as the difference between the minimum expected loss in estimating a random variable from an observed feature vector and the minimum expected loss in estimating the same…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-29 László Györfi , Tamás Linder , Harro Walk

The aim of this article is to provide a systematic analysis of the conditions such that Fourier transform valuation formulas are valid in a general framework; i.e. when the option has an arbitrary payoff function and depends on the path of…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2010-07-08 Ernst Eberlein , Kathrin Glau , Antonis Papapantoleon