Related papers: A possible low-level explanation of "temporal dyna…
Transformers have shown strong ability to model long-term dependencies and are increasingly adopted as world models in model-based reinforcement learning (RL) under partial observability. However, unlike natural language corpora, RL…
To study the processes and mechanisms of the correlation between space and time, particularly between lengths and durations in human perception, a special method (device and procedure) to conduct this experiment was designed and called LDR…
The ability to steer light propagation inside scattering media has long been sought-after due to its potential widespread applications. To form optical foci inside scattering media, the only feasible strategy is to guide photons by using…
Many reinforcement learning algorithms are built on an assumption that an agent interacts with an environment over fixed-duration, discrete time steps. However, physical systems are continuous in time, requiring a choice of…
In the statistical literature, a number of methods have been proposed to ensure valid inference about marginal effects of variables on a longitudinal outcome in settings with irregular monitoring times. However, the potential biases due to…
We predict and experimentally verify an entoptic phenomenon through which humans are able to perceive and discriminate structured light with space-varying polarization. Direct perception and discrimination is possible through the…
Time perception is the phenomenological experience of time by an individual. In this paper, we study how to replicate neural mechanisms involved in time perception, allowing robots to take a step towards temporal cognition. Our framework…
Predicting and reasoning about the future lie at the heart of many time-series questions. For example, goal-conditioned reinforcement learning can be viewed as learning representations to predict which states are likely to be visited in the…
The Talbot-Plateau law specifies what combinations of flash frequency, duration, and intensity will yield a flicker-fused stimulus that matches the brightness of a steady stimulus. It has proven to be remarkably robust in its predictions,…
Thanks to the latest advancements in wavefront shaping, optical methods have proven crucial to achieve imaging and control light in multiply scattering media, like biological tissues. However, the stability times of living biological…
Information processing in the brain requires integration of information over time. Such an integration can be achieved if signals are maintained in the network activity for the required period, as quantified by the intrinsic timescale.…
It is well known that reflection of a Gaussian light beam ($\text{TEM}_{00}$) by a planar dielectric interface leads to four beam shifts when compared to the geometrical-optics prediction. These are the spatial Goos-H\"{a}nchen (GH) shift,…
Living organisms need to be sensitive to a changing environment while also ignoring uninformative environmental fluctuations. Here, we show that the circadian clock in \textit{Synechococcus elongatus} can naturally tune its environmental…
The primary visual cortex processes a large amount of visual information, however, due to its large receptive fields, when multiple stimuli fall within one receptive field, there are computational problems. To solve this problem, the visual…
This article explores the constraints of perception and cognition in relativistic physics. Describing reality as a cognitive representation of our sensory inputs, the article shows how the limitations in perception translate to the…
Time-delay error is a significant error source in adaptive optics (AO) systems. It arises from the latency between sensing the wavefront and applying the correction. Predictive control algorithms reduce the time-delay error, providing…
Many real-world processes are trajectories that may be regarded as continuous-time "functional data". Examples include patients' biomarker concentrations, environmental pollutant levels, and prices of stocks. Corresponding advances in data…
In sensory neurons the presence of noise can facilitate the detection of weak information-carrying signals, which are encoded and transmitted via correlated sequences of spikes. Here we investigate relative temporal order in spike sequences…
The fundamental laws and constants of our universe seem to be finely tuned for life. The various multiverse hypotheses are popular explanations for the fine tuning. This paper reviews the four main suggestions on inference in the presence…
The thermodynamic arrow-of-time problem is thought to be resolved by the observation that our universe initially was---and still is---far from equilibrium. The psychological arrow-of-time problem is often attributed the same resolution, but…