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The Abstraction Refinement Model has been widely adopted since it was firstly proposed many decades ago. This powerful model of software evolution process brings important properties into the system under development, properties such as the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Mohamed Toufik Ailane , Christoph Knieke , Andreas Rausch

The influence of an external random field on the competition process in a nonlinear open spatially extended system is analyzed numerically. A three-component model is chosen as the competition model in which a "weak" species can move in…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2015-12-02 S. E. Kurushina , V. V. Maximov , E. A. Shapovalova , Yu. M. Romanovskii , I. P. Zavershinskii , D. S. Garipov

Randomness is ubiquitous in many applications across data science and machine learning. Remarkably, systems composed of random components often display emergent global behaviors that appear deterministic, manifesting a transition from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Luca Muscarnera , Luigi Loreti , Giovanni Todeschini , Alessio Fumagalli , Francesco Regazzoni

We overview recent developments in the study of alignment hydrodynamics, driven by a general class of symmetric communication kernels. A main question of interest is to characterize the emergent behavior of such systems, which we quantify…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-02-19 Eitan Tadmor

We study the problem of consensus emergence in multi-agent systems via external feedback controllers. We consider a set of agents interacting with dynamics given by a Cucker-Smale type of model, and study its consensus stabilization by…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-02-24 Mattia Bongini , Massimo Fornasier , Dante Kalise

Collective motion and self-organization of interacting particles, such as flocking and swarming, can be viewed as nonequilibrium analogues of collective dynamics in gases. Motivated by the analogy between gas mixtures and Cucker--Smale…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Ziming Bian , Seung-Yeal Ha , Tommaso Ruggeri , Qinghua Xiao

The concept of random dynamical system is a comparatively recent development combining ideas and methods from the well developed areas of probability theory and dynamical systems. Due to our inaccurate knowledge of the particular physical…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vitor Araujo

Noise and spatial degrees of freedom characterize most ecosystems. Some aspects of their influence on the coevolution of populations with cyclic interspecies competition have been demonstrated in recent experiments [e.g. B. Kerr et al.,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-12-08 Tobias Reichenbach , Mauro Mobilia , Erwin Frey

We propose a family of models to study the evolution of ties in a network of interacting agents by reinforcement and penalization of their connections according to certain local laws of interaction. The family of stochastic dynamical…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-06-01 Augusto Almeida Santos , Soummya Kar , Ramayya Krishnan , José M. F. Moura

Recent investigations have provided important insights into the complex structure and dynamics of collectively moving flocks of living organisms. Two intriguing observations are, scale-free correlations in the velocity fluctuations, in the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-03-22 Kunal Bhattacharya , Abhijit Chakraborty

Collective movement is observed widely in nature, where individuals interact locally to produce globally ordered, coherent motion. In typical models of collective motion, each individual takes the average direction of multiple neighbors,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-23 Yogesh Kumar KC , Arshed Nabeel , Srikanth Iyer , Vishwesha Guttal

This paper introduces a class of stochastic models of interacting neurons with emergent dynamics similar to those seen in local cortical populations, and compares them to very simple reduced models driven by the same mean excitatory and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-11-07 Yao Li , Logan Chariker , Lai-Sang Young

This paper attempts to make feasible the evolutionary emergence of novelty in a supposedly deterministic world which behavior is associated with those of the mathematical dynamical systems. The work was motivated by the observation of…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2024-06-26 R. Herrero , F. Pi , J. Rius , G. Orriols

A central challenge in the study of complex systems is the quantification of emergence -- understood as the ability of the system to exhibit collective behaviours that cannot be traced down to the individual components. While recent work…

The process of evolutionary emergence of purposeful adaptive behavior is investigated by means of computer simulations. The model proposed implies that there is an evolving population of simple agents, which have two natural needs: energy…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mikhail S. Burtsev , Vladimir G. Redko , Roman V. Gusarev

We study the stochastic evolution of four species in cyclic competition in a well mixed environment. In systems composed of a finite number $N$ of particles these simple interaction rules result in a rich variety of extinction scenarios,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-07-09 C. H. Durney , S. O. Case , M. Pleimling , R. K. P. Zia

Self-organization through noisy interactions is ubiquitous across physics, mathematics, and machine learning, yet how long-range structure emerges from local noisy dynamics remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate three paradigmatic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-31 Satyam Anand , Guanming Zhang , Stefano Martiniani

Systems with a complex dynamics like glasses or models of biological evolution are often pictured in terms of complex landscapes, with a large number of possible collective states. We show on the example of a stochastic spin model with…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-02-03 Laura Guislain , Eric Bertin

Ecosystems, which are intricate amalgams of biological communities and their surrounding environments, continually evolve under the influence of their myriad interactions. The world is currently facing intensifying environmental…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-11-23 Ikumi Kobayashi

Extreme events gain the attention of researchers due to their utmost importance in various contexts ranging from finance to climatology. This brings such recurrent events to the limelight of attention in interdisciplinary research. A…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-05-18 Sayantan Nag Chowdhury , Arnob Ray , Syamal K. Dana , Dibakar Ghosh