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We consider singular (aka genus $0$) walks in the quarter plane and their associated generating functions $Q(x,y,t)$, which enumerate the walks starting from the origin, of fixed endpoint (encoded by the spatial variables $x$ and $y$) and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-21 Alin Bostan , Lucia Di Vizio , Kilian Raschel

Random walks are a series of up, down, and level steps that enumerate distinct paths from $(0,0)$ to $(2n,0)$, where $n$ is the semi-length of the path. We used these paths to analyze Catalan, Schr\"{o}der, and Motzkin number sequences…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-08 Tonia Bell , Shakuan Frankson , Nikita Sachdeva , Myka Terry

We consider three directed walkers on the square lattice, which move simultaneously at each tick of a clock and never cross. Their trajectories form a non-crossing configuration of walks. This configuration is said to be osculating if the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-11 Mireille Bousquet-Mélou

We find the generating function of self-avoiding walks and trails on a semi-regular lattice called the $3.12^2$ lattice in terms of the generating functions of simple graphs, such as self-avoiding walks, polygons and tadpole graphs on the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Anthony J. Guttmann , Robert Parviainen , Andrew Rechnitzer

Two-dimensional (random) walks in cones are very natural both in combinatorics and probability theory: they are interesting for themselves and also because they are strongly related to other discrete structures. While walks restricted to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-07 Kilian Raschel , Amélie Trotignon

The purpose of these notes is to introduce some of the problems the enumeration of lattice walks is dedicated to and familiarize with some of the arguments they can be addressed with. We discuss the enumeration of lattice walks, their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Manfred Buchacher

The set of random walks with different step sets (of short steps) in the quarter plane has provided a rich set of models that have profoundly different integrability properties. In particular, 23 of the 79 effectively different models can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-15 Nicholas R Beaton , Aleksander L Owczarek , Andrew Rechnitzer

The enumeration of small steps walks confined to the first quadrant of the plane has attracted a lot of attention over the past fifteen years. The associated generating functions are trivariate formal power series in $x,y,t$ where the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-29 Charlotte Hardouin

The enumeration of lattice paths in wedges poses unique mathematical challenges. These models are not translationally invariant, and the absence of this symmetry complicates both the derivation of a functional recurrence for the generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-11 E. J. Janse van Rensburg , T. Prellberg , A. Rechnitzer

In the 1970s, William Tutte developed a clever algebraic approach, based on certain "invariants", to solve a functional equation that arises in the enumeration of properly colored triangulations. The enumeration of plane lattice walks…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-11 Olivier Bernardi , Mireille Bousquet-Mélou , Kilian Raschel

Many recent papers deal with the enumeration of 2-dimensional walks with prescribed steps confined to the positive quadrant. The classification is now complete for walks with steps in $\{0, \pm 1\}^2$: the generating function is D-finite if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-11 Alin Bostan , Mireille Bousquet-Mélou , Manuel Kauers , Stephen Melczer

Gaussian fields $(g_x)$ on $\mathbb{Z}_q^d$ are constructed from a class of reversible long range random walks $(X_t)_{t\in \mathbb{N}}$ on $\mathbb{Z}_q^d$ in arXiv:2510.22554. The construction is from taking the covariance function of…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Robert Griffiths , Shuhei Mano

Let $a_n$ denote the number of ways in which a chess rook can move from a corner cell to the opposite corner cell of an $n \times n \times n$ three-dimensional chessboard, assuming that the piece moves closer to the goal cell at each step.…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2011-10-03 Alin Bostan , Frédéric Chyzak , Mark van Hoeij , Lucien Pech

We show the power of Bruno Buchberger's seminal Groebner Basis algorithm, interfaced, seamlessly, with what we call symbolic dynamical programming, to automatically generate algebraic equations satisfied by the generating functions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-17 AJ Bu , Doron Zeilberger

The number of excursions (finite paths starting and ending at the origin) having a given number of steps and obeying various geometric constraints is a classical topic of combinatorics and probability theory. We prove that the sequence…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-10 Alin Bostan , Kilian Raschel , Bruno Salvy

A Schr\"oder path is a lattice path from $(0,0)$ to $(2n,0)$ with steps $(1,1)$, $(1,-1)$ and $(2,0)$ that never goes below the $x-$axis. A small Schr\"{o}der path is a Schr\"{o}der path with no $(2,0)$ steps on the $x-$axis. In this paper,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-14 Xiaomei Chen , Yuan Xiang

We consider the enumeration of walks on the two dimensional non-negative integer lattice with short steps. Up to isomorphism there are 79 unique two dimensional models to consider, and previous work in this area has used the kernel method,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-01 Stephen Melczer , Mark C. Wilson

We calculate the number of open walks of fixed length and algebraic area on a square planar lattice by an extension of the operator method used for the enumeration of closed walks. The open walk area is defined by closing the walks with a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-11-30 Stephane Ouvry , Alexios Polychronakos

Initial steps are presented towards understanding which finitely generated groups are almost surely generated as semigroups by the path of a random walk on the group.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2012-12-27 Itai Benjamini , Hilary Finucane , Romain Tessera

Given two relatively prime positive integers $\alpha$ and $\beta$, we consider simple lattice paths (with unit East and unit North steps) from $(0,0)$ to $(\alpha k,\beta k)$, and enumerate them by their left and right bounces with respect…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-01 Daniel Birmajer , Juan B. Gil , Michael D. Weiner