Related papers: A thermodynamic force generated by chemical gradie…

Turgor is the driving force of plant growth, making possible for roots to overcome soil resistance or for stems to counteract gravity. Maintaining a constant growth rate while avoiding the cell content dilution, which would progressively…

Exact and approximate expressions for thermodynamic characteristics of heated matter, which consists of particles with finite mass-widths, are constructed. They are expressed in terms of Fermi/Bose distributions and spectral functions,…

Thermodynamics could be seen as an expression of physics at a high epistemic level. As such, its potential as an inductive bias to help machine learning procedures attain accurate and credible predictions has been recently realized in many…

We study the one-dimensional diffusion process which takes place between two reflecting boundaries and which is acted upon by a time-dependent and spatially-constant force. The assumed force possesses both the harmonically oscillating and…

The energy partitioning during activation and relaxation events under steady-state conditions for a Brownian particle driven by multiple thermal reservoirs of different local temperatures is investigated. Specifically, we apply the…

The electrostatic force on a spherical particle near a planar surface is calculated for the cases of a uniform electric field applied in either normal or tangential direction to the surface. The particle and suspending media are assumed to…

Hypothesis: The collective dynamics and self-assembly of colloids floating at a fluid/fluid interface is a balance between deterministic lateral interaction forces, viscous resistance to colloid motion along the surface and thermal…

The paper deals with the problem of surface effects at a fluid boundary produced by a step force field. A classical simple fluid with a locally placed field simulating a solid is considered. The specific surface Omega-potential gamma, the…

A general formulation of stochastic thermodynamics is presented for open systems exchanging energy and particles with multiple reservoirs. By introducing a partition in terms of "macrostates" (e.g. sets of "microstates"), the consequence on…

Aqueous electrolyte solutions under the influence of a temperature gradient can generate thermoelectric fields, which arise from different responses of the positive and negative charges. This is related to the thermo diffusion effect which…

Thermal conduction force plays a crucial role in manipulating the local thermal conductivity of crystals. However, due to the diffusive nature of thermal conduction, investigating the force effect is challenging. Recently, researchers have…

As a prototype of systems bearing a localization-delocalization transition, the strand-separation (melting) process in a double-stranded biopolymer is studied by a mapping to a quantum-mechanical problem with short-ranged potentials. Both…

In continuum mechanics, the equations of motion for mixtures are derived through the use of Hamilton's extended principle which regards the mixture as a collection of distinct continua. The internal energy is assumed to be a function of…

The dynamics of adhesion of a spherical micro-particle to a ligand-coated wall, in shear flow, is studied using a Langevin equation that accounts for thermal fluctuations, hydrodynamic interactions and adhesive interactions. Contrary to the…

We propose a dynamical theory of how the chemical energy stored in a battery generates the electromotive force (emf). In this picture, the battery's half-cell acts as an engine, cyclically extracting work from its underlying chemical…

We derive a macroscopic heat equation for the temperature of a pinned harmonic chain subject to a periodic force at its right side and in contact with a heat bath at its left side. The microscopic dynamics in the bulk is given by the…

Light carries momentum and, upon interaction with material structures, can exert forces on them. Here, we show that a planar structure with asymmetric optical response is spontaneously accelerated when placed in an environment at a…

The formation of clusters in supercooled liquids close to the glass transition temperature is described by rate equations in which the coefficients are determined on physical grounds rather than in terms of thermodynamic quantities such as…

The self-assembly of molecules at surfaces can be caused by a range of physical mechanisms. Assembly can be driven by intermolecular forces, or molecule-surface forces, or both; it can result in structures that are in equilibrium or that…

Multivalent particles bind to targets via many independent ligand-receptor bonding interactions. This microscopic design spans length scales in both synthetic and biological systems. Classic examples include interactions between cells,…