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The Trojan asteroids of Jupiter and Neptune are likely to have been captured from original heliocentric orbits in the dynamically excited ("hot") population of the Kuiper belt. However, it has long been known that the optical color…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-24 David Jewitt

Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) with diameter d>100 km moving now in not very eccentric orbits could be formed directly by the compression of large rarefied dust condensations (with semi-major axes a>30 AU), but not by the accretion of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-01 S. I. Ipatov

The Jovian Trojans are two swarms of objects located around the L$_4$ and L$_5$ Lagrange points. The population is thought to have been captured by Jupiter during the Solar system's youth. Within the swarms, six collisional families have…

We integrated the orbital evolution of 30,000 Jupiter-family comets, 1300 resonant asteroids, and 7000 asteroidal, trans-Neptunian, and cometary dust particles. For initial orbital elements of bodies close to those of Comets 2P, 10P, 44P,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-29 S. I. Ipatov , J. C. Mather

Dynamical features of a massive disk of distant trans-Neptunian objects are considered in the model of the formation of small bodies in the Hill region of a giant gas-dust clump that arose as a result of gravitational instability and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-06 V. V. Emel'yanenko

Single-binary scattering may lead to an exchange where the single object captures a component of the binary, forming a new binary. This has been well studied in encounters between a star--planet pair and a single star. Here we explore the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 Daohai Li , Anders Johansen , Alexander J. Mustill , Melvyn B. Davies , Apostolos A. Christou

The population of Neptune Trojans is believed to be bigger than that of Jupiter Trojans and that of asteroids in the main belt, although only eight members of this far distant asteroid swarm have been observed up to now. Six leading Neptune…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Pu Guan , Li-Yong Zhou , Jian Li

The Canada-France Ecliptic Plane Survey discovered four trans-Neptunian objects with semi-major axes near the 5:1 resonance, revealing a large and previously undetected intrinsic population. Three of these objects are currently resonant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 R. E. Pike , J. J. Kavelaars , J. M. Petit , B. J. Gladman , M. Alexandersen , K. Volk , C. J. Shankman

In this work we report the detection of seven Neptune Trojans (NTs) in the Pan-STARRS 1 (PS1) survey. Five of these are new discoveries, consisting of four L4 Trojans and one L5 Trojan. Our orbital simulations show that the L5 Trojan stably…

The orbital period ratios of neighbouring sub-Neptunes are distributed asymmetrically near first-order resonances. There are deficits of systems---"troughs" in the period ratio histogram---just short of commensurability, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-27 Nick Choksi , Eugene Chiang

The Neptunian satellite system is unusual, comprising Triton, a large ($\sim2700$ km) moon on a close-in, circular, yet retrograde orbit, flanked by Nereid, the largest irregular satellite ($\sim$300 km) on a highly eccentric orbit. Capture…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-07 Daohai Li , Apostolos A. Christou

[Abridged] The occurrence rate of observed sub-Neptunes has a break at 0.1 au, which is often attributed to a migration trap at the inner rim of protoplanetary disks where a positive co-rotation torque prevents inward migration. We argue…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-12 Ondřej Chrenko , Raúl O. Chametla , David Nesvorný , Mario Flock

In the outer Solar system, primordial Trojan asteroids may have remained dynamically stable for billions of years. Several thousands of them accompany Jupiter in its journey around the Sun and a similarly large population may be hosted by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-15 C. de la Fuente Marcos , R. de la Fuente Marcos

The Kuiper belt is a population of icy bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune. The complex orbital structure of the Kuiper belt, including several categories of objects inside and outside of resonances with Neptune, emerged as a result of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-13 David Nesvorny , David Vokrouhlicky

We present a series of numerical integrations of observed and fictitious Jupiter Trojan asteroids, under the gravitational effects of the four outer planets, for time-spans comparable with the age of the Solar System. From these results we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-20 Romina P. Di Sisto , Ximena S. Ramos , Cristián Beaugé

The Neptune Trojans are the most recent addition to the panoply of Solar system small body populations. The orbit of the first discovered member, 2001 QR$_{322}$, was investigated shortly after its discovery, based on early observations of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-05 Jonathan Horner , Patryk Sofia Lykawka

We present updated non-adiabatic and inhomogeneous evolution models for Uranus and Neptune, employing an interior composition of methane, ammonia, water, and rocks. Following formation trends of the gas giants, Uranus and Neptune formation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-28 Roberto Tejada Arevalo

Recent works on planetary migration show that the orbital structure of the Kuiper belt can be very well reproduced if before the onset of the planetary instability Neptune underwent a long-range planetesimal-driven migration up to $\sim$28…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-22 Rogerio Deienno , Alessandro Morbidelli , Rodney S. Gomes , David Nesvorny

The discovery of short-period Neptune-mass objects, now including the remarkable system HD69830 (Lovis et al. 2006) with three Neptune analogues, raises difficult questions about current formation models which may require a global treatment…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 D. S. McNeil , R. P. Nelson

The leading theory for the origin of Jupiter Trojans (JTs) assumes that JTs were captured to their orbits near the Lagrangian points of Jupiter during the early reconfiguration of the giant planets. The natural source region for the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-08 Josef Hanuš , David Vokrouhlický , David Nesvorný , Josef Ďurech , Robert Stephens , Vladimir Benishek , Julian Oey , Petr Pokorný