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We present a simplified explanation of why free fractional convolution corresponds to the differentiation of polynomials, by finding how the finite free cumulants of a polynomial behave under differentiation. This approach allows us to…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-02-06 Octavio Arizmendi , Katsunori Fujie , Daniel Perales , Yuki Ueda

Let $\{T_{k}\}_{k=1}^{\infty}$ be a family of *--free identically distributed operators in a finite von Neumann algebra. In this work we prove a multiplicative version of the free central limit Theorem. More precisely, let…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2010-10-05 Gabriel H. Tucci

We introduce a finite version of free probability and show the link between recent results using polynomial convolutions and the traditional theory of free probability. One tool for accomplishing this is a seemingly new transformation that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Adam W. Marcus

An exchangeable random matrix is a random matrix with distribution invariant under any permutation of the entries. For such random matrices, we show, as the dimension tends to infinity, that the empirical spectral distribution tends to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-25 Radosław Adamczak , Djalil Chafaï , Paweł Wolff

We investigate random Bernoulli convolutions, namely, probability measures given by the infinite convolution \[ \mu_\omega = \mathop{\circledast}_{k=1}^{\infty} \left( \frac{\delta_0 + \delta_{\lambda_1 \lambda_2 \ldots \lambda_{k-1}…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Simon Baker , Henna Koivusalo , Sascha Troscheit , Xintian Zhang

Consider an nxn random matrix X with i.i.d. nonnegative entries with bounded density, mean m, and finite positive variance sigma^2. Let M be the nxn random Markov matrix with i.i.d. rows obtained from X by dividing each row of X by its sum.…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-03-27 Charles Bordenave , Pietro Caputo , Djalil Chafai

We provide a refined combinatorial identity for the set of partitions of $\{1,\dots, n\}$, which plays an important role in investigating several limit theorems related to finite free convolutions. Firstly, we present the finite free…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-02 Octavio Arizmendi , Katsunori Fujie , Yuki Ueda

The paper is devoted to interrelation between the zeta distribution and the Radon transform on the space of $n \times m$ real matrices. We present a self-contained proof of the Fourier transform formula for this distribution. Our method…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Boris Rubin

We revisit Marcus' finite free analogue of Voiculescu $R$-transform from an analytic viewpoint. By relating the finite free Fourier transform to the Laplace transform, we study the finite $R$-transform through logarithmic potentials and…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Octavio Arizmendi , Katsunori Fujie

Let $M_n$ be a random matrix of size $n\times n$ and let $\lambda_1,...,\lambda_n$ be the eigenvalues of $M_n$. The empirical spectral distribution $\mu_{M_n}$ of $M_n$ is defined as $$\mu_{M_n}(s,t)=\frac{1}{n}# \{k\le n, \Re(\lambda_k)\le…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-28 Hoi H. Nguyen , Van Vu

We study vectors chosen at random from a compact convex polytope in $\mathbb{R}^n$ given by a finite number of linear constraints. We determine which projections of these random vectors are asymptotically normal as $n\to\infty$. Marginal…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Fabrice Gamboa , Martin Venker

Let $P_n^1,\dots, P_n^d$ be $n\times n$ permutation matrices drawn independently and uniformly at random, and set $S_n^d:=\sum_{\ell=1}^d P_n^\ell$. We show that if $\log^{12}n/(\log \log n)^{4} \le d=O(n)$, then the empirical spectral…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-04-05 Anirban Basak , Nicholas Cook , Ofer Zeitouni

Normalized eigenvalue counting measure of the sum of two Hermitian (or real symmetric) matrices $A_{n}$ and $B_{n}$ rotated independently with respect to each other by the random unitary (or orthogonal) Haar distributed matrix $U_{n}$ (i.e.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-08-15 L. Pastur , V. Vasilchuk

We consider a random matrix whose entries are independent Gaussian variables taking values in the field of quaternions with variance $1/n$. Using logarithmic potential theory, we prove the almost sure convergence, as the dimension $n$ goes…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-05 Florent Benaych-Georges , Francois Chapon

A random matrix model with a sigma-model like constraint, the restricted trace ensemble (RTE), is solved in the large-n limit. In the macroscopic limit the smooth connected two-point resolvent G(z,w) is found to be non-universal, extending…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 G. Akemann , G. Vernizzi

For a class of sparse random matrices of the form $A_n =(\xi_{i,j}\delta_{i,j})_{i,j=1}^n$, where $\{\xi_{i,j}\}$ are i.i.d.~centered sub-Gaussian random variables of unit variance, and $\{\delta_{i,j}\}$ are i.i.d.~Bernoulli random…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-13 Anirban Basak , Mark Rudelson

This paper describes the quality of convergence to an infinitely divisible law relative to free multiplicative convolution. We show that convergence in distribution for products of identically distributed and infinitesimal free random…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-05-07 Michael Anshelevich , Jiun-Chau Wang , Ping Zhong

We consider the spherical integral of real symmetric or Hermitian matrices when the rank of one matrix is one. We prove the existence of the full asymptotic expansions of these spherical integrals and derive the first and the second term in…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-12-16 Jiaoyang Huang

We derive a multiplication law for free non-hermitian random matrices allowing for an easy reconstruction of the two-dimensional eigenvalue distribution of the product ensemble from the characteristics of the individual ensembles. We define…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Z. Burda , R. A. Janik , M. A. Nowak

Let $\log^{2+\varepsilon} n \le d \le n/2$ for some fixed $\varepsilon \in (0,1)$, and let $M_n$ be an $n\times n$ random matrix with entries in ${0,1}$, where each row is independently and uniformly sampled from the set of all vectors in…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Dongbin Li , Alexander E. Litvak , Tingzhou Yu