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During the last two decades, the focus of star formation research has shifted from understanding the collapse of a single dense core into a star to studying the formation hundreds to thousands of stars in molecular clouds. In this chapter,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-01-04 S. T. Megeath , Zhi-Yun Li , Aake Nordlund

Brown dwarf formation and star formation efficiency are studied using a nested grid simulation that covers five orders of magnitude in spatial scale (10^4 - 0.1AU). Starting with a rotating magnetized compact cloud with a mass of 0.22…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Masahiro N. Machida , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka , Tomoaki Matsumoto

I review theoretical models of star formation and how they apply across the stellar mass spectrum. Several distinct theories are under active study for massive star formation, especially Turbulent Core Accretion, Competitive Accretion and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-11 Jonathan C. Tan

We use magnetohydrodynamical simulations of converging warm neutral medium flows to analyse the formation and global evolution of magnetised and turbulent molecular clouds subject to supernova feedback from massive stars. We show that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-27 Bastian Körtgen , Daniel Seifried , Robi Banerjee , Enrique Vázquez-Semadeni , Manuel Zamora-Avilés

Star-forming disk galaxies at high redshift are often subject to violent disk instability, characterized by giant clumps whose fate is yet to be understood. The main question is whether the clumps disrupt within their dynamical timescale…

We present a suite of six high-resolution chemo-dynamical simulations of isolated galaxies, spanning observed disk-dominated environments on the star-forming main sequence, as well as quenched, bulge-dominated environments. We compare and…

Outflows form an integral component in regulating the gas cycling in and out of galaxies, although their impact on the galaxy hosts is still poorly understood. Here we present an analysis of 405 high mass (log…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-02-26 Guido Roberts-Borsani , Amélie Saintonge , Karen L. Masters , David V. Stark

The pressure exerted by massive stars' radiation fields is an important mechanism regulating their formation. Detailed simulation of massive star formation therefore requires an accurate treatment of radiation. However, all published…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Anna L. Rosen , Mark R. Krumholz , Christopher F. McKee , Richard I. Klein

The infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) G11.11$-$0.12 and G28.34$+$0.06 are two of the best-studied IRDCs in our Galaxy. These two clouds host clumps at different stages of evolution, including a massive dense clump in both clouds that is dark…

We model the formation of high-mass stars, specifying the accretion rate in terms of the instantaneous and final mass of the star, the ambient pressure of the star-forming region and the form of polytropic pressure support of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jonathan C. Tan , Christopher F. McKee

Galactic outflows are believed to play an important role in regulating star formation in galaxies, but estimates of the outflowing mass and momentum have historically been based on uncertain assumptions. Here, we measure the mass, momentum,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-28 John Chisholm , Christy A. Tremonti , Claus Leitherer , Yanmei Chen

We study feedback during massive star formation using semi-analytic methods, considering the effects of disk winds, radiation pressure, photoevaporation and stellar winds, while following protostellar evolution in collapsing massive gas…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-25 Kei E. I. Tanaka , Jonathan C. Tan , Yichen Zhang

Stars form in dense cores of magnetized molecular clouds. If the magnetic flux threading the cores is dragged into the stars, the stellar field would be orders of magnitude stronger than observed. This well-known "magnetic flux problem"…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Bo Zhao , Zhi-Yun Li , Fumitaka Nakamura , Ruben Krasnopolsky , Hsien Shang

Turbulent fragmentation determines where and when protostellar cores form, and how they contract and grow in mass from the surrounding cloud material. This process is investigated, using numerical models of self-gravitating molecular cloud…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 Ralf Klessen

We use 3D hydrodynamical models to investigate the effects of massive star feedback from winds and supernovae on inhomogeneous molecular material left over from the formation of a massive stellar cluster. We simulate the interaction of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 H. Rogers , J. M. Pittard

We present a series of high-resolution cosmological simulations of galaxy formation to z=0, spanning halo masses ~10^8-10^13 M_sun, and stellar masses ~10^4-10^11. Our simulations include fully explicit treatment of both the multi-phase ISM…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-13 Philip F. Hopkins , Dusan Keres , Jose Onorbe , Claude-Andre Faucher-Giguere , Eliot Quataert , Norm Murray , James S. Bullock

Recently, we have shown that if the ISM is governed by super-sonic turbulent flows, the excursion-set formalism can be used to calculate the statistics of self-gravitating objects over a wide range of scales. On the largest self-gravitating…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-11-13 Philip F. Hopkins

Feedback from massive stars is believed to play a critical role in driving galactic super-winds that enrich the IGM and shape the galaxy mass function and mass-metallicity relation. In previous papers, we introduced new numerical methods…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-22 Philip F. Hopkins , Eliot Quataert , Norman Murray

The regulation of galactic-scale star formation rates (SFRs) is a basic problem for theories of galaxy formation and evolution: which processes are responsible for making observed star formation rates so inefficient compared to maximal…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Sven Van Loo , Jonathan C. Tan , Sam A. E. G. Falle

A supersonic cloud-cloud collision produces a shock-compressed layer which leads to formation of high-mass stars via gravitational instability. We carried out a detailed analysis of the layer by using the numerical simulations of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-08-26 Yasuo Fukui , Tsuyoshi Inoue , Takahiro Hayakawa , Kazufumi Torii
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