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We show that there exists a choice of gauge in which the electromagnetic 4-potential may be written as the difference of two 4-velocity vector fields describing the motion of a two-component space-filling relativistic fluid. Maxwell's…
Levitation of objects with action at a distance has always been intriguing to humans. Several ways to achieve this, such as aerodynamic, acoustic, or electromagnetic methods, including radiation pressure, stable potential wells, and quantum…
The electron transport properties of hybrid ferromagnetic|normal metal structures such as multilayers and spin valves depend on the relative orientation of the magnetization direction of the ferromagnetic elements. Whereas the contrast in…
The spin Hall effect is a phenomenon that an electric field induces a spin Hall current. In this Letter, we examine the inverse effect that, in a ferromagnetic conductor, a charge Hall current is induced by a spin motive force, or a…
The Lorentz force equations provide a partial description of the geodesic motion of a charged particle on a four-manifold. Under the hypothesis that Maxwell's equations express symmetry properties of the Ricci tensor, the full…
In a solid, transport of electricity can occur via negative electrons or via positive holes. In the normal state of superconducting materials experiments show that transport is usually dominated by $dressed$ $positive$ $hole$ $carriers$.…
The Inverse problem for an electromagnetic field produced by a dipole is solved. It is assumed that the field of an arbitrary changing dipole is known. Obtained formulae allow calculation of the position and dynamics of the dipole which…
The velocity field composed of the Berry connection from many-body wave functions and electromagnetic vector potential explains the energy-momentum balance during the reversible superconducting-normal phase transition in the presence of an…
We revisit the problem of forces on atoms under current in nanoscale conductors. We derive and discuss the five principal kinds of force under steady-state conditions from a simple standpoint that - with the help of background literature -…
We theoretically demonstrate that electromagnetic energy can be obtained by direct, lossless, conversion from gravitational and kinetic energies. For this purpose we discuss the properties of an electromechanical system which consists of a…
Ferrofluids containing nonmagnetic particles are called inverse ferrofluids. On the basis of the Ewald-Kornfeld formulation and the Maxwell-Garnett theory, we theoretically investigate the magnetophoretic force exerting on the nonmagnetic…
We find the electric field of a point charge in `truncated hyperbolic motion', in which the charge moves at a constant velocity followed by motion with a constant acceleration in its instantaneous rest frame. The same Lienard-Wiechert…
The force on a test charge moving through a strongly magnetized plasma is calculated using linear response theory. Strong magnetization is found to generate a component of the force perpendicular to the velocity of the particle in the plane…
Here one can find a derivation of the commutator of the charge and magnetic flux in a superconducting circuit containing a Josephson junction from the commutation relation of quantum-field operators of electric field and vector potential. A…
The force on electric and magnetic dipoles moving in vacuo is discussed in the general case of time-variable non-uniform fields and time-variable dipole moments, to first order in v/c and neglecting radiation reaction. Emphasis is given to…
The appearance of the time derivative of the acceleration in the equation of motion (EOM) of an electric charge is studied. It is shown that when an electric charge is accelerated, a stress force exists in the curved electric field of the…
According to the theory of relativity, the relativistic Coulomb's force between an electron pair is composed of two parts, the main part is repulsive, while the rest part can be attractive in certain situations. Thus the relativistic…
The effect of the electrodynamic forces on a charged particle in a propagating plane electromagnetic wave is investigated. First it is pointed out that for constant fields fulfilling the radiation condition there will be an acceleration in…
Electrical energy is considered as a fundamental parameter for inclusion in Fermi gas theory, in addition to thermal energy. It is argued that electrical energy can move some electrons to above the Fermi Level, providing free charges to…
We show that a kind of displacement induced temporary electric force of a single point charge can be derived by using Maxwell stress analysis. This force comes from the variation of the charge's electric intensities that follow Coulomb's…