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We survey some of the philosophical challenges and pitfalls within origins research. Several of these challenges exhibit circularities, paradoxes, or anthropic biases. We present origins approaches in terms of three broad categories:…

Popular Physics · Physics 2023-03-15 Stuart Bartlett , Michael L Wong

We argue using simple models that all successful practical uses of probabilities originate in quantum fluctuations in the microscopic physical world around us, often propagated to macroscopic scales. Thus we claim there is no physically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-12-17 Andreas Albrecht , Daniel Phillips

It is proposed that spacetime should be regarded as an evolving block universe, bounded to the future by the present time, which continually extends to the future. This future boundary is defined at each time by measuring proper time along…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 George F R Ellis

The origin of life occupies a very important place in the study of the evolution. Its liminal location between life and non-life poses special challenges to researchers who study this subject. Current approaches in studying the origin and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-04-19 Gennady Shkliarevsky

It is well known that life on Earth alters its environment over evolutionary and geological timescales. An important open question is whether this is a result of evolutionary optimization or a universal feature of life. In the latter case,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2017-04-26 Cole Mathis , Tanmoy Bhattacharya , Sara Imari Walker

We show why the universe started in an unstable de Sitter state. The quantum origin of our universe implies one must take a `top down' approach to the problem of initial conditions in cosmology, in which the histories that contribute to the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 S. W. Hawking , Thomas Hertog

The expansion of our universe, when followed backward in time, implies that it emerged from a phase of huge density, the big bang. These stages are so extreme that classical general relativity combined with matter theories is not able to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Martin Bojowald

We present a framework in which well-defined predictions are obtained in an eternally inflating multiverse, based on the principles of quantum mechanics. We show that the entire multiverse is described purely from the viewpoint of a single…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-27 Yasunori Nomura

The origin of life and the origin of the universe are among the most important problems of science and they might be inextricably linked. Hydro-gravitational-dynamics (HGD) cosmology predicts hydrogen-helium gas planets in clumps as the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Carl H. Gibson , Rudolph E. Schild , N. C. Wickramasinghe

We suggest to combine the Anthropic Principle with the Many-Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Theory. Realizing the multiplicity of worlds it provides an opportunity of explanation of some important events which are assumed to be extremely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-28 A. Yu. Kamenshchik , O. V. Teryaev

Although it has been notoriously difficult to pin down precisely what it is that makes life so distinctive and remarkable, there is general agreement that its informational aspect is one key property, perhaps the key property. The unique…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2012-12-20 Sara Imari Walker , Paul C. W. Davies

Hypothetical existence of other universes gives an opportunity not only to extend the scope of physics, but the scope of biology, SETI, and METI as well. Some steps of the development of alien life concept shall be briefly summarized, then…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-08-08 Zoltan Galantai

We discuss the Carter's formula about the mankind evolution probability following the derivation proposed by Barrow and Tipler. We stress the relation between the existence of billions of galaxies and the evolution of at least one…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Feoli , S. Rampone

Valid ideas that physical reality is vastly larger than human perception of it, and that the perceived part may not be representative of the whole, exist on many levels and have a long history. After a brief general inventory of those ideas…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-16 Frank Wilczek

We discuss the evolution of the Universe from what might be called its quantum origin. We apply the uncertainty principle to the origin of the Universe with characteristic time scale equal to the Planck time to obtain its initial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 C. S. Unnikrishnan , G. T. Gillies , R. C. Ritter

It is argued that human consciousness is likely to have emerged during the self-consistent evolution of the physical universe, through the gradual accumulation of biological entities' ability to tap into the intrinsic non-deterministic…

General Physics · Physics 2011-03-15 Xiaolei Zhang

The multiverse is a hierarchy in the number of universes, increasing stepwise towards infinity. It is an evolutionary system, in which universes survive only near critical mass. That mass is actually a factor of 1.94 less than the critical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-07-09 Tom Gehrels

We consider the description of cosmological dynamics from the onset of inflation by a perfect fluid whose parameters must be consistent with the strength of the enhanced quantum loop effects that can arise during inflation. The source of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-14 N. C. Tsamis , R. P. Woodard

We dwell upon the physicist's conception of `life' since Schroedinger and Wigner through to the modern-day language of living systems in the light of quantum information. We discuss some basic features of a living system such as ordinary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arun K. Pati

It is undeniable that life as we know it depends on liquid water. It is difficult to imagine any biochemical machinery that does not require water. On Earth, life adapts to the most diverse environments and, once established, it is very…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-08 Karla de Souza Torres , Othon Cabo Winter