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Structural variants compose the majority of human genetic variation, but are difficult to assess using current genomic sequencing technologies. Optical mapping technologies, which measure the size of chromosomal fragments between labeled…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-10-10 Weiwei Li , Jan Hannig , Corbin Jones

Genealogy research is the study of family history using available resources such as historical records. Ancestry provides its customers with one of the world's largest online genealogical index with billions of records from a wide range of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-03-04 Peng Jiang , Yingrui Yang , Gann Bierner , Fengjie Alex Li , Ruhan Wang , Azadeh Moghtaderi

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown promise in integrating protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks for identifying cancer genes in recent studies. However, due to the insufficient modeling of the biological information in PPI…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yilong Zang , Lingfei Ren , Yue Li , Zhikang Wang , David Antony Selby , Zheng Wang , Sebastian Josef Vollmer , Hongzhi Yin , Jiangning Song , Junhang Wu

Phylogenetic analysis of DNA or other data commonly gives rise to a collection or sample of inferred evolutionary trees. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) cannot be applied directly to collections of trees since the space of evolutionary…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-02-24 Tom M. W. Nye

The scale and complexity of modern data sets and the limitations associated with testing large numbers of hypotheses underline the need for feature selection methods. Spectral techniques rank features according to their degree of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-09 Kiya W. Govek , Venkata S. Yamajala , Pablo G. Camara

The identification of disease-gene associations is instrumental in understanding the mechanisms of diseases and developing novel treatments. Besides identifying genes from RNA-Seq datasets, it is often necessary to identify gene clusters…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-14 Jake R. Patock , Rinki Ratnapriya , Arko Barman

Persistent homology is constrained to purely topological persistence while multiscale graphs account only for geometric information. This work introduces persistent spectral theory to create a unified low-dimensional multiscale paradigm for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-13 Rui Wang , Duc Duy Nguyen , Guo-Wei Wei

Graph matching aims at finding the vertex correspondence between two unlabeled graphs that maximizes the total edge weight correlation. This amounts to solving a computationally intractable quadratic assignment problem. In this paper we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-23 Zhou Fan , Cheng Mao , Yihong Wu , Jiaming Xu

Learning meaningful graphs from data plays important roles in many data mining and machine learning tasks, such as data representation and analysis, dimension reduction, data clustering, and visualization, etc. In this work, for the first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Yongyu Wang , Zhiqiang Zhao , Zhuo Feng

Principal component analysis (PCA) is often used for analyzing data in the most diverse areas. In this work, we report an integrated approach to several theoretical and practical aspects of PCA. We start by providing, in an intuitive and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Felipe L. Gewers , Gustavo R. Ferreira , Henrique F. de Arruda , Filipi N. Silva , Cesar H. Comin , Diego R. Amancio , Luciano da F. Costa

These notes offer a unified introduction to spectral methods for the study of complex systems. They are intended as an operative manual rather than a theorem-proof textbook: the emphasis is on tools, identities, and perspectives that can be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-10 Francesco Caravelli

Modern graph clustering applications require the analysis of large graphs and this can be computationally expensive. In this regard, local spectral graph clustering methods aim to identify well-connected clusters around a given "seed set"…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-08 Kimon Fountoulakis , Farbod Roosta-Khorasan , Julian Shun , Xiang Cheng , Michael W. Mahoney

The ongoing explosion of genome sequence data is transforming how we reconstruct and understand the histories of biological systems. Across biological scales, from individual cells to populations and species, trees-based models provide a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-08 Yun Deng , Shing H. Zhan , Yulin Zhang , Chao Zhang , Bingjie Chen

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a powerful tool in statistics and machine learning. While existing study of PCA focuses on the recovery of principal components and their associated eigenvalues, there are few precise characterizations…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-12 Emmanuel Abbe , Jianqing Fan , Kaizheng Wang

Clustering is a fundamental task in data analysis, and spectral clustering has been recognized as a promising approach to it. Given a graph describing the relationship between data, spectral clustering explores the underlying cluster…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Tomohiko Mizutani

Graphs with diverse structural characteristics play a central role in modelling and optimization tasks. The ability to generate different types of graphs that exhibit shared properties is likewise essential for algorithm selection and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hendrik Richter , Frank Neumann

Many modern datasets can be represented as graphs and hence spectral decompositions such as graph principal component analysis (PCA) can be useful. Distinct from previous graph decomposition approaches based on subspace projection of a…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-03-11 Pin-Yu Chen , Sutanay Choudhury , Alfred O. Hero

Spectral methods include a family of algorithms related to the eigenvectors of certain data-generated matrices. In this work, we are interested in studying the geometric landscape of the eigendecomposition problem in various spectral…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-13 Shuang Li , Gongguo Tang , Michael B. Wakin

Spectral clustering is one of the most popular clustering methods for finding clusters in a graph, which has found many applications in data mining. However, the input graph in those applications may have many missing edges due to error in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Pan Peng , Yuichi Yoshida

Graph clustering aims at discovering a natural grouping of the nodes such that similar nodes are assigned to a common cluster. Many different algorithms have been proposed in the literature: for simple graphs, for graphs with attributes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Ylli Sadikaj , Yllka Velaj , Sahar Behzadi , Claudia Plant