Related papers: Subgroup classification in Out(F_n)

We prove that the normalizer of any diffuse amenable subalgebra of a free group factor $L(\Bbb F_r)$ generates an amenable von Neumann subalgebra. Moreover, any II$_1$ factor of the form $Q \vt L(\Bbb F_r) $, with $Q$ an arbitrary subfactor…

The Hanna Neumann conjecture states that if F is a free group, then for all nontrivial finitely generated subgroups H,K <= F, rank(H intersect K) - 1 <= [rank(H)-1] [rank(K)-1]. Where most papers to date have considered a direct graph…

If S is a subgroup of a direct product of two limit groups, and S is of type FP(2) over the rationals, then S has a subgroup of finite index that is a direct product of at most two limit groups.

Given a type A in homotopy type theory (HoTT), we can define the free infinity-group on A as the loop space of the suspension of A+1. Equivalently, this free higher group can be defined as a higher inductive type F(A) with constructors unit…

Let for a prime $p$, $\mathfrak{X}$ (respectively $\mathfrak{Y}$) be the class of all $p$-biprimitively finite (respectively periodic $p$-conjugatively biprimitively finite) groups and $G\in \mathfrak{X}$ (respectively $G\in \mathfrak{Y}$),…

We investigate the structure of subdirect products of groups, particularly their finiteness properties. We pay special attention to the subdirect products of free groups, surface groups and HNN extensions. We prove that a finitely presented…

We prove that for any prime number $p$, every finite non-abelian $p$-group $G$ of class 2 has a noninner automorphism of order $p$ leaving either the Frattini subgroup $\Phi(G)$ or $\Omega_1(Z(G))$ elementwise fixed.

An $integral$ of a group $G$ is a group $H$ whose derived group (commutator subgroup) is isomorphic to $G$. This paper discusses integrals of groups, and in particular questions about which groups have integrals and how big or small those…

Let $ H $ be a subgroup of a finite group $ G $. We say that $ H $ satisfies the partial $ \Pi $-property in $ G $ if there exists a chief series $ \varGamma_{G}: 1 =G_{0} < G_{1} < \cdot\cdot\cdot < G_{n}= G $ of $ G $ such that for every…

A subgroup $H$ of a group $G$ is said to be pronormal in $G$ if $H$ and $H^g$ are conjugate in $\langle H, H^g \rangle$ for every $g \in G$. In this paper we classify finite simple groups $E_6(q)$ and ${}^2E_6(q)$ in which all the subgroups…

Let $ G $ be a finite non-solvable group with a primitive irreducible character $ \chi $ that vanishes on one conjugacy class. We show that $ G $ has a homomorphic image that is either almost simple or a Frobenius group. We also classify…

We give a description of a finite group whose maximal subgroups possess only soluble proper subgroups, which implies the answer to the well-known question on composition factors of finite groups, whose second maximal subgroups are soluble.

Let $G$ be a finite non-abelian group and $\kappa_1(G)$ the number of conjugate classes of minimal non-abelian subgroups of $G$. The structure of $G$ with $\kappa_1(G)=1$ is determined. In the case of $G$ being the $p$-groups, the structure…

A higher order difference equation may be generally defined in an arbitrary nonempty set S as: \[ f_{n}(x_{n},x_{n-1},...,x_{n-k})=g_{n}(x_{n},x_{n-1},...,x_{n-k}) \] where $f_{n},g_{n} :S^{k+1}\rightarrow S$ are given functions for…

Classically, congruence subgroups of the modular group, which can be described by congruence relations, play important roles in group theory and modular forms. In reality, the majority of finite index subgroups of the modular group are…

The generalized order $e_G(g)$ of an element $g$ of a group $G$ is the smallest positive integer $k$ such that there exist $x_1,\ldots,x_k \in G$ such that $g^{x_1} \ldots g^{x_k}=1$, where $g^x=x^{-1}gx$. Let $e(G) = \max \{e_G(g)\ |\ g…

If chi is an irreducible character of a finite group G then the support of chi is the subset of G on which chi does not vanish. In this note, we study the supports of characters of certain classes of p-groups (a p-group is a finite group of…

A finite order element $g$ of a group $G$ is called rational if $g$ is conjugate to $g^i$ for every integer $i$ coprime to the order $g$. We determine all triples $(G,g,\phi)$, where $G$ is a simple algebraic group of type $A_n,B_n$ or…

It is proved that an irreducible quasifinite $W_\infty$-module is a highest or lowest weight module or a module of the intermediate series; a uniformly bounded indecomposable weight $W_\infty$-module is a module of the intermediate series.…

Let $\mathfrak{H}$ be a Fitting class and $\mathfrak{F}$ a formation. We call a subgroup $\mathcal{N}_{\mathfrak{H},\mathfrak{F}}(G)$ of a finite group $G$ the $\mathfrak{H}$-$\mathfrak{F}$-norm of $G$ if…