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Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) are among the brightest objects in the Universe and hence can be observed up to a very high redshift. Properly calibrated empirical correlations between intensity and spectral correlations of GRBs can be used to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-22 Meghendra Singh , Darshan Singh , Kanhaiya Lal Pandey , Dinkar Verma , Shashikant Gupta

Very early observations with the Swift satellite of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows reveal that the optical component is not detected in a large number of cases. This is in contrast to the bright optical flashes previously discovered in…

Cosmological gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are the brightest explosions in the Universe. Satellite detectors, such as Beppo-SAX, HETE2 and more recently Swift, have provided a wealth of data, including the localization and redshifts of subsets of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 David Coward

We predict the rate at which Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows should be detected in supernova searches as a function of limiting flux. Although GRB afterglows are rarer than supernovae, they are detectable at greater distances because of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Eric Woods , Abraham Loeb

GRBs are expected to occur at redshifts far higher than the highest quasar redshifts so far detected. And unlike quasars, GRB afterglows may provide "clean" probes of the epoch of reionization because no complications (such as the presence…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Q. Lamb , Z. Haiman

In an effort to understand the puzzle of classifying gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), we perform a systematic study of {\it Swift} GRBs and investigate several short GRB issues. Though short GRBs have a short ($\lesssim2$ s) prompt duration as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-08-24 Lang Shao , Zi-Gao Dai , Yi-Zhong Fan , Fu-Wen Zhang , Zhi-Ping Jin , Da-Ming Wei

Using multiwavelength observations of radio afterglows, we confirm the hypothesis that the flux density of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) at a fixed observing frequency is invariable when the distance of the GRBs increases, which means the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-10 Z. B. Zhang , P. Chandra , Y. F. Huang , D. Li

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows have been proposed as an excellent probe to study the evolution of cosmic star formation, the reionization of the intergalactic medium, and the metal enrichment history of the universe, since the…

The lack of bright host galaxies in several recently examined gamma-ray burst (GRB) error boxes suggests that the redshifts of cosmological GRBs may be significantly higher than previously believed. On the other hand, the non-detection of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Daniel E. Holz , M. Coleman Miller , Jean M. Quashnock

Several correlations among Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) quantities, both in the prompt and afterglow emissions, have been established during the last decades, thus enabling the standardization of GRBs as cosmological probes. Since GRBs are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-29 Giada Bargiacchi , Maria Giovanna Dainotti , Salvatore Capozziello

Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) are valuable probes of cosmic star formation reaching back into the epoch of reionization, and a large dataset with known redshifts ($z$) is an important ingredient for these studies. Usually, $z$ is measured using…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-13 Dhruv S. Bal , Aditya Narendra , Maria Giovanna Dainotti , Nikita S. Khatiya , Aleksander L. Lenart , Dieter H. Hartmann

Popular models for the origin of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) include short-lived massive stars as the progenitors of the fireballs. Hence the redshift distribution of GRBs should track the cosmic star formation rate of massive stars accurately.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Andrew W. Blain , Priyamvada Natarajan

The discoveries that GRBs have X-ray, optical and radio afterglows have connected the study of GRBs to the rest of astronomy, and revolutionized the field. In this review, I discuss the implications that the observation of these afterglows…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Donald Q. Lamb

In this paper we illustrate with the case of GRB 000926 how Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) can be used as cosmological lighthouses to identify and study star forming galaxies at high redshifts. The optical afterglow of the burst was located with…

Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) observed up to redshifts $z>8$ are fascinating objects to study due to their still unexplained relativistic outburst mechanisms and a possible use to test cosmological models. Our analysis of 77 GRB afterglows with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-19 M. G. Dainotti , R. Willingale , S. Capozziello , V. F. Cardone , M. Ostrowski

A systematical study on the early X-ray afterglows of both optically bright and dark gamma-ray bursts (B-GRBs and D-GRBs) observed by Swift has been presented. Our sample includes 25 GRBs. Among them 13 are B-GRBs and 12 are D-GRBs. Our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Yi-Qing Lin

By using recent publicly available observational data obtained in conjunction with the NASA Swift gamma-ray burst mission and a novel data analysis technique, we have been able to make some rough estimates of the GRB afterglow apparent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Carl W. Akerlof , Heather F. Swan

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) offer a potential way to extend the Hubble diagram to very high redshifts and to constrain the nature of dark energy in a way complementary to distant type Ia supernovae. However, gravitational lensing systematically…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Masamune Oguri , Keitaro Takahashi

We studied the behaviour of the optical afterglow lightcurves of a sample of 24 Gamma--Ray Bursts (GRBs) with known redshift and published estimates of the optical extinction in the source frame, detected before the SWIFT satellite launch.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 M. Nardini , G. Ghisellini , G. Ghirlanda , F. Tavecchio , C. Firmani , D. Lazzati

In this article, we explore the possibility of using the properties of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) to probe the physical conditions in the epochs prior to reionization. The redshift distribution of GRBs is modelled using the Press-Schechter…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 T. Roy Choudhury , R. Srianand