Related papers: ESAF: Full Simulation of Space-Based Extensive Air…

Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) detect very high energetic (VHE) gamma rays. They observe the Cherenkov light emitted in electromagnetic shower cascades that gamma rays induce in the atmosphere. A precise reconstruction of the…

EAS arrays are survey instruments able to monitor continuously all the overhead sky. Their sensitivity in the sub-TeV/TeV energy domain cannot compete with that of Cherenkov telescopes, but the wide field of view (about 2 sr) is ideal to…

Ultra High Energy (UHE) neutrino Astronomy and relic Neutrino masses may play a key role in solving the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) puzzle within the Z-Showering model. Tau air-shower originated by UHE neutrino in matter may probe…

Large scale airshower simulations around the GZK cutoff are performed. An extensive analysis of the behaviour of the various subcomponents of the cascade is presented. We focus our investigation both on the study of total and partial…

We investigate the detection of exotic massive strongly interacting hadrons (uhecrons) in ultra high energy cosmic ray telescopes. The conclusion is that experiments such as the Pierre Auger Observatory have the potential to detect these…

The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 2 (EUSO-SPB2) flew in May of 2023, marking an important step towards the observation of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) and neutrino-induced showers from space. The…

Galactic cosmic rays are the high-energy particles that stream into our solar system from distant corners of our Galaxy and some low energy particles are from the Sun which are associated with solar flares. The Earth atmosphere serves as an…

The Extreme Universe Space Observatory-Telescope Array (EUSO-TA) is a ground-based experiment, part of the JEM-EUSO (Joint Experiment Missions -- Extreme Universe Space Observatory) dedicated to the observation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic…

Charged particles of extensive air showers (EAS), mainly electrons and positrons, initiate the emission of fluorescence light in the Earth's atmosphere. This light provides a calorimetric measurement of the energy of cosmic rays. For…

Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC). The EEE network is composed, so far, of 53 telescopes, each made of three MRPC detectors; it is organized in clusters and single telescope stations distributed all over the Italian territory and…

The most important goal of studying an extensive air shower is to find the energy, mass and arrival direction of its primary cosmic ray. In order to find these parameters, the core position and arrival direction of the shower should be…

The KASCADE-Grande detector is an air-shower array devoted to the study of primary cosmic rays with very high-energies (E = 10^{16} - 10^{18} eV). The instrument is composed of different particle detector systems suitable for the detailed…

The detection of astrophysical neutrinos by IceCube in the TeV-PeV energy range motivates the development of instruments for observing these particles at higher energies. Moreover, the detection of very-high-energy (VHE) neutrinos could…

Neutrinos are a very promising messenger at tens of EeV and above. They can be produced by several channels, namely as by products of hadronic interactions at the sources, as the main products of the decay of super massive particles and, in…

Recent measurements suggest that extensive air showers initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) emit signals in the microwave band of the electromagnetic spectrum caused by the collisions of the free-electrons with the atmospheric…

The Telescope Array observatory utilizes fluorescence detectors and surface detectors to observe air showers produced by ultra high energy cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere. Cosmic ray events observed in this way are termed hybrid data.…

Mini--EUSO (Multiwavelength Imaging New Instrument for the Extreme Universe Space Observatory, known as \emph{UV atmosphere} in the Russian Space Program) is the first mission of the JEM-EUSO program on board the International Space…

We present results of horizontal EAS simulations focused on the opportunity of measuring Cherenkov light from air showers at stratospheric balloon altitude (eg. EUSO-SPB2). For a 1 m2 UV light detector at a 38 km altitude, the largest…

Radio antennas have become a standard tool for the detection of cosmic-ray air showers in the energy range above $10^{16}\,$eV. The radio signal of these air showers is generated mostly due to the deflection of electrons and positrons in…

The JEM-EUSO (Joint Experiment Missions for Extreme Universe Space Observatory) program aims at the realization of the ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) observation using wide field of view fluorescence detectors in orbit. Ultra-violet…