Related papers: Universal Flow in the First fm/c at RHIC
Pre-thermal flow plays an important role in the final state evolution of heavy ion collisions at RHIC. We show that flow has universal features for a wide range of models. This significantly reduces the uncertainty in initializing…
The property of the ``perfect liquid'' created at RHIC is probed with anisotropic flow measurements. Different initial conditions and their consequences on flow measurements are discussed. The collectivity is shown to be achieved fast and…
It is argued that the observation of anisotropic azimuthal distribution of final state particles alone is insufficient to show whether the formed matter at RHIC behaves like hydrodynamic flow. Examining the intrinsic interaction (or…
We review the apparently hydrodynamic behaviour of low transverse momentum particles (p_T < 1.5 GeV/c) produced in central and semicentral (b < 7 fm) heavy ion collisions at RHIC. We investigate the impact parameter dependence of various…
We show that the centrality and system-size dependence of elliptic flow measured at RHIC are fully described by a simple model based on eccentricity scaling and incomplete thermalization. We argue that the elliptic flow is at least 25%…
In this talk, I will discuss the predictions of the first results from RHIC: the charged particle multiplicity $dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$, its centrality dependence and the elliptic flow $v_2$.
Elliptic flow measurements are presented and discussed with emphasis on the hydrodynamic character of the hot and dense QCD matter created in heavy ion collisions at RHIC. Predictions from perfect fluid hydrodynamics for the scaling of the…
This paper reviews recent results on directed and elliptic flow from the PHOBOS experiment using data taken during Au+Au runs at RHIC. The systematic dependence of flow on pseudorapidity, energy, transverse momentum and centrality is…
Anisotropic flow is recognized as one of the main observables providing information on the early stage of a heavy-ion collision. At RHIC the large observed anisotropic flow and its successful description by ideal hydrodynamics is considered…
The agreement of elliptic flow data at RHIC at central rapidity with the hydrodynamic model has led to the conclusion of very rapid thermalization. This conclusion is based on the intuitive argument that hydrodynamics, which assumes…
The large elliptic flow observed at RHIC is considered to be evidence for almost perfect liquid behavior of the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma produced in the collisions. In these proceedings we present a two parameter fit for the…
The results on directed and elliptic flow for Pb + Pb at the full energy of the SPS (158 GeV/A) and from the first year of Au + Au at RHIC (sqrt{s_{_{NN}}=130 GeV) are reviewed. The different experiments agree well and a consistent picture…
We investigate the role of the initial condition used for the hydrodynamic evolution of the system formed in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions and find that an appropriate choice motivated by the models of early-stage dynamics,…
The experimental and theoretical status of the ``near perfect fluid'' at RHIC is discussed. While the hydrodynamic paradigm for understanding collisions at RHIC is well-established, there remain many important open questions to address in…
The measured elliptic flow (v2) of identified particles as a function of pT and centrality at RHIC suggests the created medium in Au+Au collisions achieves early local thermal equilibrium that is followed by hydrodynamic expansion. It is…
The pseudo-rapidity dependence of the elliptic flow at various excitation energies measured by the PHOBOS Collaboration in Au+Au collisions at RHIC is one of the surprising results that has not been explained before in terms of…
Results from the data obtained in the first physics run of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) have shown suprisingly large elliptic flow and suprisingly small HBT radii. Attempts to explain both results in a consistant picture have…
We present a historical review of the physics observables developed for relativistic nuclear collisions, that describe collective hydrodynamic flow of hadronic or partonic matter, and of the corresponding experimental progress. We begin…
We study the elliptic flow systematically from SIS to RHIC energies in a realistic dynamical cascade model. We compile our results with the recent data from STAR and PHOBOS experiments on elliptic flow of charged particles in Au + Au…
The bulk of the hot and dense matter created at RHIC behaves like an almost ideal fluid. I present the evidence for this and also discuss what we can learn about the transport properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) from the gradual…