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A zero-one matrix is a matrix with entries from $\{0, 1\}$. We study monoids containing only such matrices. A finite set of zero-one matrices generating such a monoid can be seen as the matrix representation of an unambiguous finite…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Stefan Kiefer , Andrew Ryzhikov

We present a few results and several open problems concerning complete deterministic finite automata in which every non-empty subset of the state set occurs as the image of the whole state set under the action of a suitable input word.

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-05 Evgenija Bondar , Mikhail Volkov

We exhibit new conditions under which a primitive automaton is synchronizing. In particular, we show that the primitivity of an automaton forces its synchronizability whenever the automaton has either a letter of defect 1 or a word of rank…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Mikhail Volkov

A deterministic finite automaton in which every non-empty set of states occurs as the image of the whole state set under the action of a suitable input word is called completely reachable. It was conjectured that in each completely…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-20 David Casas , Mikhail V. Volkov

This paper considers the existence of short synchronizing words in deterministic finite automata (DFAs). We define two general strategies for generating synchronizing words, and we show that each of these strategies can be applied if and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Peter Bradshaw , Alexander Clow , Ladislav Stacho

Imagine an assembly line where a box with a lid and liquid in it enters in some unknown orientation. The box should leave the line with the open lid facing upwards with the liquid still in it. To save costs there are no complex sensors or…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Petra Wolf

We determine the asymptotic proportion of minimal automata, within n-state accessible deterministic complete automata over a k-letter alphabet, with the uniform distribution over the possible transition structures, and a binomial…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-09-27 Frederique Bassino , Julien David , Andrea Sportiello

Motivated by the randomized generation of slowly synchronizing automata, we study automata made of permutation letters and a merging letter of rank $ n\!-\!1 $. We present a constructive randomized procedure to generate synchronizing…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Costanza Catalano , Raphaël M. Jungers

In [1], we introduced the weakly synchronizing languages for probabilistic automata. In this report, we show that the emptiness problem of weakly synchronizing languages for probabilistic automata is undecidable. This implies that the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-06-06 Laurent Doyen , Thierry Massart , Mahsa Shirmohammadi

We exhibit a winning strategy for Synchronizer in the synchronization game on every synchronizing automaton in whose transition monoid the regular D-classes form subsemigroups

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Henning Fernau , Carolina Haase , Stefan Hoffmann , Mikhail Volkov

We generalize the concept of synchronizing words for finite automata, which map all states of the automata to the same state, to deterministic visibly push-down automata. Here, a synchronizing word w does not only map all states to the same…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Henning Fernau , Petra Wolf

We present a new series of examples of binary slowly synchronizing automata with sink state. The reset threshold of the $n$-state automaton in this series is $\frac{n^2}{4}+2n-9$. This improves on the previously known lower bound for the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-30 Dmitry Ananichev

The asynchronous automaton associated with a Boolean network $f:\{0,1\}^n\to\{0,1\}^n$ is considered in many applications. It is the finite deterministic automaton with set of states $\{0,1\}^n$, alphabet $\{1,\dots,n\}$, where the action…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-12 Julio Aracena , Maximilien Gadouleau , Adrien Richard , Lilian Salinas

We consider the structures given by repeatedly generalising the definition of finite state automata by symmetry considerations, and constructing analogues of transition monoids at each step. This approach first gives us non-deterministic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter M. Hines

We introduce the category of dependency automata. A dependency automaton consists of two nondeterministic finite automata, with a relation between their states satisfying conditions. This category is equivalent to deterministic finite…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Robert Samuel Ralph Myers

We study the problem of synchronization of automata with random inputs. We present a series of automata such that the expected number of steps until synchronization is exponential in the number of states. At the same time, we show that the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Vladimir V. Gusev

In this paper we are dealing with the issue of finding possibly short synchronizing words in automata with weight assigned to each letter in the alphabet $\Sigma$. First we discuss some complexity problems, and then we present new…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Jakub Ruszil

Under the assumption $\mathcal{P} \neq \mathcal{NP}$, we prove that two natural problems from the theory of synchronizing automata cannot be solved in polynomial time. The first problem is to decide whether a given reachable partial…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-26 Mikhail V. Berlinkov

The set of synchronizing words of a given $n$-state automaton forms a regular language recognizable by an automaton with $2^n - n$ states. The size of a recognizing automaton for the set of synchronizing words is linked to computational…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Stefan Hoffmann

An automaton is monotonic if its states can be arranged in a linear order that is preserved by the action of every letter. We prove that the problem of deciding whether a given automaton is monotonic is NP-complete. The same result is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-08-11 Marek Szykuła