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A population of very light primordial black holes which evaporate before nucleosynthesis begins is unconstrained unless the decaying black holes leave stable relics. We show that gravitons Hawking radiated from these black holes would…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Richard Anantua , Richard Easther , John T. Giblin

Independently from the formation mechanism of primordial black holes in the early Universe, their generation is accompanied by a ringdown phase during which they relax to a stationary configuration and gravitational waves under the form of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-23 Valerio De Luca , Antonio J. Iovino , Antonio Riotto

It is well-known that first order phase transitions in the early universe can be a powerful source of observable stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds. Any such gravitational wave background must exhibit large-scale anisotropies at…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-21 Arushi Bodas , Raman Sundrum

Using the cross-correlation data from the first three observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration, we search for a gravitational-wave background (GWB) from primordial black holes, arising from the superposition of compact binary…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-01 Tore Boybeyi , Sebastien Clesse , Sachiko Kuroyanagi , Mairi Sakellariadou

The black hole merging rates inferred after the gravitational-wave detection by Advanced LIGO/VIRGO and the relatively high mass of the progenitors are consistent with models of dark matter made of massive primordial black holes (PBH). PBH…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-30 Sebastien Clesse , Juan García-Bellido

Formation of significant number of primordial black holes (PBHs) is realized if and only if primordial density fluctuations have a large amplitude, which means that tensor perturbations generated from these scalar perturbations as a second…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-06 Ryo Saito , Jun'ichi Yokoyama

Slow first-order phase transitions generate large inhomogeneities that can lead to the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs). We show that the gravitational wave (GW) spectrum then consists of a primary component sourced by bubble…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-01 Marek Lewicki , Piotr Toczek , Ville Vaskonen

The presence of magnetic fields in the early universe affects the cosmological processes, leading to the distinct signature, which allows constraining their properties and the genesis mechanisms. In this study, we revisit the method to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-13 Ashu Kushwaha , Teruaki Suyama

Gravitino masses above the electroweak scale provide the simplest solution to the gravitino problem, but such large mass scales lie far beyond the reach of collider experiments. We show that the stochastic gravitational wave background…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-28 Angus Spalding , Stephen F. King

We consider the stochastic background of gravitational waves produced by a network of cosmic strings and assess their accessibility to current and planned gravitational wave detectors, as well as to big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), cosmic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Xavier Siemens , Vuk Mandic , Jolien Creighton

Gravitational-wave experiments with interferometers and with resonant masses can search for stochastic backgrounds of gravitational waves of cosmological origin. We review both experimental and theoretical aspects of the search for these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Michele Maggiore

Ultralight primordial black holes (PBHs) with masses $\lesssim 10^{15}$g and subatomic Schwarzschild radii, produced in the early Universe, are expected to have evaporated by the current cosmic age due to Hawking radiation. Based on this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-05 Shasvath J. Kapadia , Kanhaiya Lal Pandey , Teruaki Suyama , Parameswaran Ajith

In this article we have used stochastic gravitational wave background as a unique probe to gain insight regarding the creation mechanism of primordial black holes. We have considered the cumulative gravitational wave background which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-19 Indra Kumar Banerjee , Ujjal Kumar Dey

Gravitational waves (GW) can constitute a unique probe of the primordial universe. In many cases, the characteristic frequency of the emitted GW is directly related to the energy scale at which the GW source is operating in the early…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-11 Chiara Caprini

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form as a result of primordial scalar perturbations at small scales. This PBH formation scenario has associated gravitational wave (GW) signatures from second-order GWs induced by the primordial curvature…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-29 Jonathan Kozaczuk , Tongyan Lin , Ethan Villarama

We update the constraints on the fraction of the Universe that may have gone into primordial black holes (PBHs) over the mass range $10^{-5}\text{--}10^{50}$ g. Those smaller than $\sim 10^{15}$ g would have evaporated by now due to Hawking…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-22 Bernard Carr , Kazunori Kohri , Yuuiti Sendouda , Jun'ichi Yokoyama

Gravitational waves induced by large primordial curvature fluctuations may result in a sizable stochastic gravitational wave background. Interestingly, curvature fluctuations are gradually generated by initial isocurvature fluctuations,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-06 Guillem Domènech

Cosmological observations, e.g., cosmic microwave background, have precisely measured the spectrum of primordial curvature perturbation on larger scales, but smaller scales are still poorly constrained. Since primordial black holes (PBHs)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-25 Huan Zhou , Zhengxiang Li , Zong-Hong Zhu

Primordial black holes still represent a viable candidate for a significant fraction, if not for the totality, of dark matter. If these compact objects have masses of order tens of solar masses, their coalescence can be observed by current…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-04 Eleonora Vanzan , Sarah Libanore , Lorenzo Valbusa Dall'Armi , Nicola Bellomo , Alvise Raccanelli

In massive scalar-tensor gravity, core-collapse supernovae are strong sources of scalar-polarized gravitational waves. These can be detectable out to large distance. The dispersive nature of the propagation of waves in the massive scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-10 Roxana Rosca-Mead , Michalis Agathos , Christopher J. Moore , Ulrich Sperhake