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Related papers: P != NP Proof

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In this short note, the author shows that the gap problem of some 3-XOR is NP-hard and can be solved by running Charikar\&Wirth's SDP algorithm for two rounds. To conclude, the author proves that $P=NP$.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-11-10 Peng Cui

Planar graphs can be represented as intersection graphs of different types of geometric objects in the plane, e.g., circles (Koebe, 1936), line segments (Chalopin \& Gon{\c{c}}alves, 2009), \textsc{L}-shapes (Gon{\c{c}}alves et al, 2018).…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Dibyayan Chakraborty , Kshitij Gajjar

This paper shows effectiveness of X3SAT in proving P = NP. This is due to the fact that it is easy to check unsatisfiability of a particular truth assignment. A truth assignment leads to some reductions of clauses by means of "exactly-1…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Latif Salum

Let X be a normal complex algebraic variety, and p a prime. We show that there exists an integer N=N(X, p) such that: any non-trivial, irreducible representation of the fundamental group of X, which arises from geometry, must be non-trivial…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-12-22 Daniel Litt

A new class UF of problems is introduced, strictly included in the class NP, which arises in the analysis of the time verifying the intermediate results of computations. The implications of the introduction of this class are considered.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-03-03 Anatoly D. Plotnikov

We show that the affirmation $P\subseteq NP$ (in computer science) erroneously and we prove the justice of the hypotesis J.Edmonds's $P\neq NP$. We show further that all the $NP$-complete problems is not polynomial and we give the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-03-12 B. S. Kochkarev

We survey results on the formalization and independence of mathematical statements related to major open problems in computational complexity theory. Our primary focus is on recent findings concerning the (un)provability of complexity…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Igor C. Oliveira

We claim to resolve the P=?NP problem via a formal argument for P=NP.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Selmer Bringsjord , Joshua Taylor

We show that, if PA has no non-standard models, then P=/=NP. We then give an elementary proof that PA has no non-standard models.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bhupinder Singh Anand

The material of the article is devoted to the most complicated and interesting problem -- a problem of P = NP?. This research was presented to mathematical community in Hyderabad during International Congress of Mathematicians. But there it…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-11-16 Natalia L. Malinina

Proving that there are problems in $\mathsf{P}^\mathsf{NP}$ that require boolean circuits of super-linear size is a major frontier in complexity theory. While such lower bounds are known for larger complexity classes, existing results only…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Jan Bydzovsky , Jan Krajicek , Igor C. Oliveira

By creating some new concepts and methods: checking tree, long unit path, direct contradiction unit pair, indirect contradiction unit pair, additional contradiction unit pair, 2-unit layer and 3-unit layer, redundant units, and destroying…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Lizhi Du

The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) holds a central place in computational complexity theory as the first shown NP-complete problem. Due to this role, SAT is often used as the benchmark for polynomial-time reductions: if a problem can…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yumiko Nishiyama

This article describes a formal strategy of geometric complexity theory (GCT) to resolve the {\em self referential paradox} in the $P$ vs. $NP$ and related problems. The strategy, called the {\em flip}, is to go for {\em explicit proofs} of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-09-02 Ketan Mulmuley

In computational complexity theory, a decision problem is NP-complete when it is both in NP and NP-hard. Although a solution to a NP-complete can be verified quickly, there is no known algorithm to solve it in polynomial time. There exists…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Wenxia Guo , Jin Wang , Majun He , Xiaoqin Ren , Wenhong Tian , Qingxian Wang

This paper shows that P = NP = PSPACE. It also tackles Graph Isomorphism.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Latif Salum

Over the course of the last 50 years, many questions in the field of computability were left surprisingly unanswered. One example is the question of $P$ vs $NP\cap co-NP$. It could be phrased in loose terms as "If a person has the ability…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-03-16 David O. Zisselman

The objective of this article is to formalize the definition of NP problems. We construct a mathematical model of discrete problems as independence systems with weighted elements. We introduce two auxiliary sets that characterize the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Anatoly D. Plotnikov

The Baer--Suzuki theorem says that if $p$ is a prime, $x$ is a $p$-element in a finite group $G$ and $\langle x, x^g \rangle$ is a $p$-group for all $g \in G$, then the normal closure of $x$ in $G$ is a $p$-group. We consider the case where…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-23 Robert Guralnick , Gunter Malle

We prove that P != NP by proving the existence of a class of functions we call Tau, each of whose members satisfies the conditions of one-way functions. Each member of Tau is a function computable in polynomial time, with negligible…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-10-18 Javier A. Arroyo-Figueroa