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We present a method to reconstruct the complete statistical mode structure and optical losses of multimode conjugated optical fields using an experimentally measured joint photon-number probability distribution. We demonstrate that this…
Integrated single-photon detectors open new possibilities for monitoring inside quantum photonic circuits. We present a concept for the in-line measurement of spatially-encoded multi-photon quantum states, while keeping the transmitted ones…
Quantum tomography is the standard method of reconstructing the Wigner function of quantum states of light by means of balanced homodyne detection. The reconstruction quality strongly depends on the photodetectors quantum efficiency and…
Common methods to achieve photon number resolution rely on fast on-off single-photon detectors in conjunction with temporal or spatial mode multiplexing. Yet, these methods suffer from an inherent trade-off between the efficiency of photon…
A commonly held tenet is that lasers well above threshold emit photons in a coherent state, which follow a Poissonian statistics when measured in photon number. This feature is often exploited to build quantum-based random number generators…
The knowledge of the density matrix of a quantum state plays a fundamental role in several fields ranging from quantum information processing to experiments on foundations of quantum mechanics and quantum optics. Recently, a method has been…
We propose an efficient quantum key distribution protocol based on the photon-pair generation from parametric down-conversion (PDC). It uses the same experimental setup as the conventional protocol, but a refined data analysis enables…
Characterization of photon statistics of a light source is one of the most basic tools in quantum optics. Although the outcome from existing methods is believed to be a good approximation when the measured light is sufficiently weak, there…
Determining an unknown quantum state from an ensemble of identical systems is a fundamental, yet experimentally demanding, task in quantum science. Here we study the number of measurement bases needed to fully characterize an arbitrary…
Number-resolving photo-detection is necessary for many quantum optics experiments, especially in the application of entangled state preparation. Several schemes have been proposed for approximating number-resolving photo-detection using…
We report the development of a photon-number resolving detector based on a fiber-optical setup and a pair of standard avalanche photodiodes. The detector is capable of resolving individual photon numbers, and operates on the well-known…
We analyze the performance of photon-number-resolving (PNR) detectors and introduce a figure of merit for the accuracy of such detectors. This figure of merit is the (worst-case) probability that the photon-number-resolving detector…
We present a complete statistical analysis of quantum optical measurement schemes based on photodetection. Statistical distributions of quantum observables determined from a finite number of experimental runs are characterized with the help…
The round-robin differential phase-shift quantum key distribution protocol provides a secure way to exchange private information without monitoring conventional disturbances and still maintains a high tolerance of noise, making it desirable…
We discuss a novel approach to the problem of creating a photon number resolving detector using the giant Kerr nonlinearities available in electromagnetically induced transparency. Our scheme can implement a photon number quantum…
A quantum measurement can be described by a set of matrices, one for each possible outcome, which represents the positive operator-valued measure (POVM) of the sensor. Efficient protocols of POVM extraction for arbitrary sensors are…
We derive a computationally efficient expression of the photon counting distribution for a uniformly illuminated array of single photon detectors. The expression takes the number of single detectors, their quantum efficiency, and their…
This paper proposes a machine learning method to characterize photonic states via a simple optical circuit and data processing of photon number distributions, such as photonic patterns. The input states consist of two coherent states used…
A number of applications in basic science and technology would benefit from high fidelity photon number resolving photodetectors. While some recent experimental progress has been made in this direction, the requirements for true photon…
We present an efficient and robust method for the reconstruction of photon number distributions by using solely thermal noise as a probe. The method uses a minimal number of pre-calibrated quantum devices, only one on/off single-photon…