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The current status of the recent developments of the second-order gauge-invariant cosmological perturbation theory is reviewed. To show the essence of this perturbation theory, we concentrate only on the universe filled with a single scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-24 Kouji Nakamura

Nongaussian statistics are a powerful discriminant between inflationary models, particularly those with noncanonical kinetic terms. Focusing on theories where the Lagrangian is an arbitrary Lorentz-invariant function of a scalar field and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 Clare Burrage , Raquel H. Ribeiro , David Seery

In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem for Klein-Gordon equation with a cubic convolution nonlinearity in $\R^3$. By making use of Bourgain's method in conjunction with a precise Strichartz estimate of S.Klainerman and D.Tataru, we…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2011-02-22 Changxing Miao , Junyong Zhang

Instead of using local field equations - like the Dirac equation for spin-1/2 and the Klein-Gordon equation for spin-0 particles - one could try to use non-local field equations in order to describe scattering processes. The latter…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-02-25 Tobias Gleim

The inverse scattering problem for the two-dimensional nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation $u_{tt}-\Delta u + u = \mathcal{N}(u)$ is studied. We assume that the unknown nonlinearity $\mathcal{N}$ of the equation satisfies $\mathcal{N}\in…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-06-11 Hironobu Sasaki

We study the ladder operator on scalar fields, mapping a solution of the Klein-Gordon equation onto another solution with a different mass, when the operator is at most first order in derivatives. Imposing the commutation relation between…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-12-27 Vitor Cardoso , Tsuyoshi Houri , Masashi Kimura

The covariant Klein-Gordon equation requires twice the boundary conditions of the Schrodinger equation and does not have an accepted single-particle interpretation. Instead of interpreting its solution as a probability wave determined by an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 K. B. Wharton

We study local well-posedness and orbital stability/instability of standing waves for a first order system associated with a nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation on a star graph. The proof of the well-posedness uses a classical fixed point…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Nataliia Goloshchapova

We calculate the scalar gravitational and matter perturbations in the context of slow-roll inflation with multiple scalar fields, that take values on a (curved) manifold, to first order in slow roll. For that purpose a basis for these…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-10-11 S. Groot Nibbelink , B. J. W. van Tent

We construct the causal (forward/backward) propagators for the massive Klein-Gordon equation perturbed by a first order operator which decays in space but not necessarily in time. In particular, we obtain global estimates for…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-09 Dean Baskin , Moritz Doll , Jesse Gell-Redman

We compute second-order quantum corrections, as quantum dispersions and correlations, to a cosmological model coupling a single scalar perturbation mode to a bouncing background within Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC). Using an effective…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-19 Héctor Hernández Hernández , Hugo Morales Técotl , Gustavo Sánchez Herrera

Whether monochromatic, pulsed, or even constant and crossed, the field used to describe the interaction of charged fermions with an intense laser beam is mainly assumed to be of plane-wave form. We consider a simple extension to plane-wave…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-12-19 B. King

We present a covariant formalism for studying nonlinear perturbations of scalar fields. In particular, we consider the case of two scalar fields and introduce the notion of adiabatic and isocurvature covectors. We obtain differential…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-27 David Langlois , Filippo Vernizzi

This article outlines our derivation of the second order perturbations to a Schwarzschild black hole, highlighting our use of, and necessary reliance on, computer algebra. The particular perturbation scenario that is presented here is the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 George Davies

We perform a numerical computation of the anomalous magnetic moment ($g-2$) of the electron in QED by using the stochastic perturbation theory. Formulating QED on the lattice, we develop a method to calculate the coefficients of the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-06-02 Ryuichiro Kitano , Hiromasa Takaura , Shoji Hashimoto

We develop a second-order cosmological perturbation theory on a background geometry expressed in terms of light-cone coordinates, extending the first-order analyses available in the literature. In particular, we investigate the gauge…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-30 Pierre Béchaz , Giuseppe Fanizza , Giovanni Marozzi , Matheus R. Medeiros Silva

We consider in detail the problem of gauge dependence that exists in relativistic perturbation theory, going beyond the linear approximation and treating second and higher order perturbations. We first derive some mathematical results…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Marco Bruni , Sabino Matarrese , Silvia Mollerach , Sebastiano Sonego

A boson of spin-j>1 can be described in one of the possibilities within the Bargmann-Wigner framework by means of one sole differential equation of order twice the spin, which however is known to be inconsistent as it allows for non-local,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-09-12 V. M. Banda Guzman , M. Kirchbach

We study the bispectrum of the curvature perturbation on uniform energy density hypersurfaces in models of inflation with two scalar fields evolving simultaneously. In the case of a separable potential, it is possible to compute the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Filippo Vernizzi , David Wands

We develop an alternative approach to study the effect of the generic perturbation (in addition to explicitly considering the loss term) in the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations. By a change of the variables that cancel the dissipation term…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2016-08-16 Niurka R. Quintero , Elías Zamora-Sillero