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We revisit the Universal Approximation Theorem(UAT) through the lens of the tropical geometry of neural networks and introduce a constructive, geometry-aware initialization for sigmoidal multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs). Tropical geometry…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-20 Yi-Shan Chu , Yueh-Cheng Kuo

Every graph $\Gamma$ can be embedded in the plane with a minimal number of edge intersections, called its classical crossing number $\text{cross}\left(\Gamma\right)$. In this paper, we prove that if $\Gamma$ is a metric graph it can be…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-04-22 Adan Medrano Martin del Campo , Sylvain Carpentier

The software TrIm offers implementations of tropical implicitization and tropical elimination, as developed by Tevelev and the authors. Given a polynomial map with generic coefficients, TrIm computes the tropical variety of the image. When…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2010-06-22 Bernd Sturmfels , Josephine Yu

We present applications of tropical geometry to some integrable piecewise-linear maps, based on the lecture given by one of the authors (R. I.) at the workshop "Tropical Geometry and Integrable Systems" (University of Glasgow, July 2011),…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-11-02 Rei Inoue , Shinsuke Iwao

We consider the question of when points in tropical affine space uniquely determine a tropical hypersurface. We introduce a notion of multiplicity of points so that this question may be meaningful even if some of the points coincide. We…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-09-26 Drew Johnson

We give an algorithm, with a singly exponential complexity, deciding whether a tropical linear prevariety is a tropical linear variety. The algorithm relies on a criterion to be a tropical linear variety in terms of a duality between the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-09-27 Dima Grigoriev , Nicolai Vorobjov

We show that the commutator relations in the refined tropical vertex group can be expressed via the enumeration of suitable real rational curves in toric surfaces.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Eugenii Shustin

Tropical algebraic geometry is an active new field of mathematics that establishes and studies some very general principles to translate algebro-geometric problems into purely combinatorial ones. This expository paper gives an introduction…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Andreas Gathmann

Deep neural networks show great success when input vectors are in an Euclidean space. However, those classical neural networks show a poor performance when inputs are phylogenetic trees, which can be written as vectors in the tropical…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Ruriko Yoshida , Georgios Aliatimis , Keiji Miura

The tropical semiring is an algebraic system with addition ``$\max$'' and multiplication ``$+$''. As well as in conventional algebra, linear programming in the tropical semiring has been developed. In this study, we introduce a new type of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Yuki Nishida

The paper establishes a formula for enumeration of curves of arbitrary genus in toric surfaces. It turns out that such curves can be counted by means of certain lattice paths in the Newton polygon. The formula was announced earlier in…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Grigory Mikhalkin

This is a survey on tropical polytopes from the combinatorial point of view and with a focus on algorithms. Tropical convexity is interesting because it relates a number of combinatorial concepts including ordinary convexity, monomial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-10-12 Michael Joswig

A "tropical ideal" is an ideal in the idempotent semiring of tropical polynomials that is also, degree by degree, a tropical linear space. We introduce a construction based on transversal matroids that canonically extends any principal…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-05-28 Alex Fink , Jeffrey Giansiracusa , Noah Giansiracusa , Joshua Mundinger

We study a tropical linear regression problem consisting in finding the best approximation of a set of points by a tropical hyperplane. We establish a strong duality theorem, showing that the value of this problem coincides with the maximal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-22 Marianne Akian , Stéphane Gaubert , Yang Qi , Omar Saadi

The map which takes a square matrix to its tropical eigenvalue-eigenvector pair is piecewise linear. We determine the cones of linearity of this map. They are simplicial but they do not form a fan. Motivated by statistical ranking, we also…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Bernd Sturmfels , Ngoc Mai Tran

The goal of this paper is to introduce a construction of a vector bundle on a tropical variety. When the base is a tropical toric variety these tropicalize toric vector bundles, and are described by the data of a valuated matroid and some…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Bivas Khan , Diane Maclagan

A polarity of a projective plane is a map, often assumed to be involutive, mapping a generic point to a generic line and reciprocally. The most classical polarity is the polarity with respect to a conic, but other exist: the harmonic…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-02-08 Benoît Kloeckner

We provide new forbidden criterion for realizability of smooth tropical plane curves. This in turn provides us a complete classification of smooth tropical plane curves up to genus six.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-07 Ayush Kumar Tewari

An unconstrained optimization problem is formulated in terms of tropical mathematics to minimize a functional that is defined on a vector set by a matrix and calculated through multiplicative conjugate transposition. For some particular…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-01-30 Nikolai Krivulin

We consider multidimensional optimization problems that are formulated in the framework of tropical mathematics to minimize functions defined on vectors over a tropical semifield (a semiring with idempotent addition and invertible…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-29 Nikolai Krivulin
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