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We use topological methods to study the maximal subgroups of the free idempotent generated semigroup on a biordered set. We use these to give an example of a free idempotent generated semigroup with maximal subgroup isomorphic to the free…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2008-08-14 Mark Brittenham , Stuart W. Margolis , John Meakin

The classical theory of free analysis generalizes the noncommutative (nc) polynomials and rational functions, easily providing such results as an nc analogue of the Jacobian conjecture. However, the classical theory misses out on important…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Julian Bushelli

When two free factors A and B of a free group F_n are in "general position" we define the projection of B to the splitting complex (alternatively, the complex of free factors) of A. We show that the projections satisfy properties analogous…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-17 Mladen Bestvina , Mark Feighn

We give a construction of a free digroup $F(X)$ on a set $X$ and formulate the halo and the group parts of $F(X)$. We prove that $F(X)$ is isomorphic to $F(Y)$ if and only if $card(X)=card(Y)$.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-02 Guangliang Zhang , Yuqun Chen

The ways in which a nontrivial commutator can be a proper power in a free product of groups are identified.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Leo P. Comerford , Charles C. Edmunds , Gerhard Rosenberger

We study the free (associative, non-commutative) Baxter algebra on one generator. The first explicit description of this object is due to Ebrahimi-Fard and Guo. We provide an alternative description in terms of a certain class of trees,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Marcelo Aguiar , Walter Moreira

We give conditions of an extension of a free group to be hyperbolic and relatively hyperbolic using the dynamics of the action of $\out$ on the complex of free factors combined with the weak attraction theory. We work with subgroups of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Pritam Ghosh , Funda Gültepe

Integrability conditions on local Hamiltonians for one-dimensional quantum systems to be free and interacting fermions are introduced. The definition of free fermion is the simultaneous satisfaction of the Yang-Baxter equation and Shastry's…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-03-13 Zhao Zhang

Can one detect free products of groups via their profinite completions? We answer positively among virtually free groups. More precisely, we prove that a subgroup of a finitely generated virtually free group $G$ is a free factor if and only…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-28 Alejandra Garrido , Andrei Jaikin-Zapirain

Suppose $N \subset M$ is an inclusion of $II_1$-factors of finite index. If $N$ can be generated by a finite set of elements, then there exist finite generating sets $X$ for $N$ and $Y$ for $M$ such that $\delta_0(X) \geq \delta_0(Y)$,…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kenley Jung

For a CSA group $G$ and a wide class of abelian groups $A$ we give an explicit construction for the tensor $A$-completion of $G$ using free products with amalgamations. We apply the obtained results to the study of basic properties of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Alexey Myasnikov , Vladimir Remeslennikov

A group obtained from a nontrivial group by adding one generator and one relator which is a proper power of a word in which the exponent-sum of the additional generator is one contains the free square of the initial group and almost always…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Anton A. Klyachko , Denis E. Lurye

Let $\mathfrak F$ be a class of groups. A group $G$ is called $ca$-$\mathfrak F$-group if its every non-abelian chief factor is simple and $H/K \leftthreetimes C_G(H/K) \in \mathfrak F$ for every abelian chief factor $H/K$ of $G$. In this…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-15 Evgeniy N. Myslovets , Alexander F. Vasil'ev

Although in general there is no meaningful concept of factorization in fields, that in free associative algebras (over a commutative field) can be extended to their respective free field (universal field of fractions) on the level of…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Konrad Schrempf

We re-cast in a more combinatorial and computational form the foldings approach of John Stallings and pursue a detailed study of the subgroup structure of free groups. In particular, we introduce the notions of an "algebraic" and a "free"…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ilya Kapovich , Alexei Myasnikov

We consider the structure of classes of curves on a projective simply connected surface for which fundamental groups of the complements admit free quotients having rank greater than one with irreducible components belonging to a selected…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Jose Ignacio Cogolludo , Anatoly Libgober

We extend some results of [BF12] on subfactor projections to show that the projection of a free factor B to the free factor complex of the free factor A is well-defined with uniformly bound diameter, unless either A is contained in B or A…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-01-20 Samuel J. Taylor

A description of the derived functors of Lie functors for free abelian groups is given.

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-08-03 Roman Mikhailov

Let G be a finitely generated free, free abelian of arbitrary exponent, free nilpotent, or free solvable group, or a free group in the variety A_mA_n, and let A = {a_1,..., a_r} be a basis for G. We prove that, in most cases, if S is a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-02-05 Lucas Sabalka , Dmytro Savchuk

We extend previous work on antifield dependent local BRST cohomology for matter coupled gauge theories of Yang-Mills type to the case of gauge groups that involve free abelian factors. More precisely, we first investigate in a model…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-06-13 Glenn Barnich , Nicolas Boulanger