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The Burning Number Conjecture claims that for every connected graph $G$ of order $n,$ its burning number satisfies $b(G) \le \lceil \sqrt{n} \rceil.$ While the conjecture remains open, we prove that it is asymptotically true when the order…

Consider a system of $K$ particles moving on the vertex set of a finite connected graph with at most one particle per vertex. If there is one, the particle at $x$ chooses one of the $\hbox{deg} (x)$ neighbors of its location uniformly at…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-06-06 Shiba Biswal , Nicolas Lanchier

The burning number is a recently introduced graph parameter indicating the spreading speed of content in a graph through its edges. While the conjectured upper bound on the necessary numbers of time steps until all vertices are reached is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-24 Michaela Hiller , Eberhard Triesch , Arie M. C. A. Koster

We consider the extinction time of the contact process on increasing sequences of finite graphs obtained from a variety of random graph models. Under the assumption that the infection rate is above the critical value for the process on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-13 Bruno Schapira , Daniel Valesin

Forest fire spreading is a complex phenomenon characterized by a stochastic behavior. Nowadays, the enormous quantity of georeferenced data and the availability of powerful techniques for their analysis can provide a very careful picture of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-06 Roberto Beneduci , Giovanni Mascali

The burning and forcing processes are both instances of propagation processes on graphs that are commonly used to model real-world spreading phenomena. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. We first establish a connection between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Aida Abiad , Pax Mallee

We study two closely related processes on the triangular lattice: frozen percolation, where connected components of occupied vertices freeze (they stop growing) as soon as they contain at least $N$ vertices, and forest fire processes, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-04 Wai-Kit Lam , Pierre Nolin

In this paper we developed the model for the carbon dioxide emission from forest fire. The master equation for the spreading of the carbon dioxide to atmosphere is the hyperbolic diffusion equation. In the paper we study forest fire ignited…

General Physics · Physics 2009-04-01 Magdalena Pelc , Radoslaw Osuch

We introduce a new graph parameter called the burning number, inspired by contact processes on graphs such as graph bootstrap percolation, and graph searching paradigms such as Firefighter. The burning number measures the speed of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-24 Anthony Bonato , Jeannette Janssen , Elham Roshanbin

One model of real-life spreading processes is First Passage Percolation (also called SI model) on random graphs. Social interactions often follow bursty patterns, which are usually modelled with i.i.d.~heavy-tailed passage times on edges.…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-12-05 Alexey Medvedev , Gábor Pete

The severity of wildfires can be mitigated adopting preventive measures like the construction of firebreaks that are strips of land from which the vegetation is completely removed. In this paper, we model the problem of wildfire containment…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Marc Demange , Alessia Di Fonso , Gabriele Di Stefano , Pierpaolo Vittorini

We investigate a new oriented variant of the Firefighter Problem. In the traditional Firefighter Problem, a fire breaks out at a given vertex of a graph, and at each time interval spreads to neighbouring vertices that have not been…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-06-25 Julien Bensmail , Nick Brettell

The graph burning problem is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem that helps quantify the vulnerability of a graph to contagion. This paper introduces a simple farthest-first traversal-based approximation algorithm for this problem…

Burning and cooling are diffusion processes on graphs in which burned (or cooled) vertices spread to their neighbors with a new source picked at discrete time steps. In burning, the one tries to burn the graph as fast as possible, while in…

We study a discrete-time model for the spread of information in a graph, motivated by the idea that people believe a story when they learn of it from two different origins. Similar to the burning number, in this problem, information spreads…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-14 C. B. Jacobs , M. E. Messinger , A. N. Trenk

We consider a class of reinforcement processes, called WARMs, on tree graphs. These processes involve a parameter $\alpha$ which governs the strength of the reinforcement, and a collection of Poisson processes indexed by the vertices of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-09-17 Christian Hirsch , Mark Holmes , Victor Kleptsyn

We study generalizations of the Forest Fire model introduced in [van den Berg, J., and J\'arai, A. A. "On the asymptotic density in a one-dimensional self-organized critical forest-fire model". Comm. Math. Phys. 253 (2005)] and [Volkov,…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-05 Francis Comets , Mikhail Menshikov , Stanislav Volkov

The burning number of a graph is the minimal number of steps that are needed to burn all of its vertices, with the following burning procedure: at each step, one can choose a point to set on fire, and the fire propagates constantly at unit…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Guillaume Blanc , Alice Contat

The burning number of a graph can be used to measure the spreading speed of contagion in a network. The burning number conjecture is arguably the main unresolved conjecture related to this graph parameter, which can be settled by showing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-29 Ta Sheng Tan , Wen Chean Teh

Let $(G_n)$ be a sequence of finite connected vertex-transitive graphs with volume tending to infinity. We say that a sequence of parameters $(p_n)$ is a percolation threshold if for every $\varepsilon > 0$, the proportion $\left\lVert K_1…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-13 Philip Easo