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Hydrodynamic synchronization provides a general mechanism for the spontaneous emergence of coherent beating states in independently driven mesoscopic oscillators. A complete physical picture of those phenomena is of definite importance to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-01-29 Nick Koumakis , Roberto Di Leonardo

We use a three-bead-spring model to investigate the dynamics of bi-flagellate micro-swimmers near a surface. While the primary dynamics and scattering are governed by geometric-dependent direct contact, the fluid flows generated by the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-08-17 Enkeleida Lushi , Vasily Kantsler , Raymond E. Goldstein

In this article, we consider a swimmer (i.e. a self-deformable body) immersed in a fluid, the flow of which is governed by the stationary Stokes equations. This model is relevant for studying the locomotion of microorganisms or micro robots…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-03-19 Jérôme Lohéac , Alexandre Munnier

We examine swimmers comprising of two rigid spheres which oscillate periodically along their axis of symmetry, considering both when the oscillation is in phase and anti-phase, and study the effects of fluid viscoelasticity on their net…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-09-13 Charu Datt , Babak Nasouri , Gwynn J. Elfring

We study the orientational and translational dynamics of spherical microswimmers trapped at fluid interfaces, in terms of the force dipole and source dipole components of their flow field. Using numerical simulations and analytical…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-04-26 Harinadha Gidituri , Zaiyi Shen , Alois Wurger , Juho S. Lintuvuori

In this fluid dynamics video, we show that low Reynolds number swimmers, such as Caenorhabditis (C.) elegans, synchronize their gait when swimming in close proximity to maximize utilization of space. Synchronization most likely results from…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2012-10-16 Jinzhou Yuan , Kun He Lee , David M. Raizen , Haim H. Bau

Active turbulence is a paradigmatic and fascinating example of self-organized motion at large scales occurring in active matter. We employ massive hydrodynamic simulations of suspensions of resolved model microswimmers to tackle the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-03-18 Antonio Gascó , Ignacio Pagonabarraga , Andrea Scagliarini

In a multitude of life's processes, cilia and flagella are found indispensable. Recently, the biflagellated chlorophyte alga Chlamydomonas has become a model organism for the study of ciliary coordination and synchronization. Here, we use…

Biological Physics · Physics 2014-02-28 Kirsty Y. Wan , Kyriacos C. Leptos , Raymond E. Goldstein

Carpets of actively bending cilia represent arrays of biological oscillators that can exhibit self-organized metachronal synchronization in the form of traveling waves of cilia phase. This metachronal coordination supposedly enhances fluid…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-01-11 Anton Solovev , Benjamin M. Friedrich

A system of active colloidal particles driven by harmonic potentials to oscillate about the vertices of a regular polygon, with hydrodynamic coupling between all particles, is described by a piece-wise linear model which exhibits various…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-05-30 Giovanni M. Cicuta , Enrico Onofri , Marco Cosentino Lagomarsino , Pietro Cicuta

Swimming micro-organisms such as flagellated bacteria and sperm cells have fascinating locomotion capabilities. Inspired by their natural motion, there is an ongoing effort to develop artificial robotic nano-swimmers for potential in-body…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-05-31 Jithu Paul , Yizhar Or , Oleg Gendelman

Self-propelled colloids (swimmers) in confining geometries follow trajectories determined by hydrodynamic interactions with the bounding surfaces. However, typically these interactions are ignored or truncated to lowest order. We…

Weakly coupled oscillators adjust their dynamics to work in unison: they synchronize. This ubiquitous phenomenon is observed for oscillating pendulum, electronic devices, as well as clapping crowds or flashing fireflies. In effect,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-24 Yaocheng Li , Ivan Palaia , Jinzi Mac Huang , Antoine Aubret , Jeremie Palacci

We study two microswimmers consisting of a spherical rigid head and a passive elastic tail. In the first one the tail is clamped to the head, and the system oscillates under the action of an external torque. In the second one, head and tail…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-02-02 Giancarlo Cicconofri , Antonio DeSimone

External forces acting on a microswimmer can feed back on its self-propulsion mechanism. We discuss this load response for a generic microswimmer that swims by cyclic shape changes. We show that the change in cycle frequency is proportional…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-05-02 Benjamin M. Friedrich

Strongly confined active liquids are subject to unique hydrodynamic interactions due to momentum screening and lubricated friction by the confining walls. Using numerical simulations, we demonstrate that 2D dilute suspensions of fore-aft…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-16 Adrien Lefauve , David Saintillan

Suspensions of swimming particles exhibit complex collective behaviors driven by hydrodynamic interactions, showing persistent large-scale flows and long-range correlations. While heavily studied, it remains unclear how such structures…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-27 Bryce Palmer , Scott Weady , Michael O'Brien , Blakesley Burkhart , Michael J. Shelley

Cooperative motion in biological microswimmers is crucial for their survival as it facilitates adhesion to surfaces, formation of hierarchical colonies, efficient motion, and enhanced access to nutrients. Synthetic microswimmers currently…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-04-12 Stefania Ketzetzi , Melissa Rinaldin , Pim Dröge , Joost de Graaf , Daniela J. Kraft

When groups of inertial swimmers move together, hydrodynamic interactions play a key role in shaping their collective dynamics, including the cohesion of the group. To explore how these interactions influence group cohesion, we develop a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-05-23 Mohamed Niged Mabrouk , Daniel Floryan

Viscoelasticity governs the locomotion strategies of deformable microorganisms, rendering it a fundamental mechanical property of microbial motility and an integral component in the design of envisioned microbots. Recent studies have shown…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-01 Vimal Singh , Akash Choudhary