Related papers: Local and Effective Temperatures of Quantum Driven…
We introduce thermometers to define the local temperature of an electronic system driven out-of-equilibrium by local ac fields. We discuss the behavior of the local temperature along the sample, showing that it exhibits spatial fluctuations…
We discuss the concept of local temperature for quantum systems driven out of equilibrium by ac pumps showing explicitly that it is the correct indicator for heat flow. We also show that its use allows for a generalization of the Wiedemann…
We introduce and solve a model of a thermometric measurement on a driven glassy system in a stationary state. We show that a thermometer with a sufficiently slow response measures a temperature higher than that of the environment, but that…
This review presents the effective temperature notion as defined from the deviations from the equilibrium fluctuation-dissipation theorem in out of equilibrium systems with slow dynamics. The thermodynamic meaning of this quantity is…
We calculate current-current correlation functions and find an expression for the zero-frequency noise of multiterminal systems driven by harmonically time-dependent voltages within the Keldysh non-equilibrium Green's functions formalism.…
We show how the local temperature of out-of-equilibrium, quantum electron systems can be consistently defined with the help of an external voltage and temperature probe. We determine sufficient conditions under which the temperature…
Measuring the local temperature of nanoscale systems out of equilibrium has emerged as a new tool to study local heating effects and other local thermal properties of systems driven by external fields. Although various experimental…
The temperature of a physical system is operationally defined in physics as "that quantity which is measured by a thermometer" weakly coupled to, and at equilibrium with the system. This definition is unique only at global equilibrium in…
A theory of local temperature measurement of an interacting quantum electron system far from equilibrium via a floating thermoelectric probe is developed. It is shown that the local temperature so defined is consistent with the zeroth,…
We follow the dynamics of an ensemble of interacting self-propelled motorized particles in contact with an equilibrated thermal bath. We find that the fluctuation-dissipation relation allows for the definition of an effective temperature…
Biologically driven non-equilibrium fluctuations are often characterized by their non-Gaussianity or by an "effective temperature", which is frequency dependent and higher than the ambient temperature. We address these two measures…
In thermal equilibrium, the fluctuation-dissipation theorem relates the linear response and correlation functions in a model and observable independent fashion. Out of equilibrium, these relations still hold if the equilibrium temperature…
While thermodynamics is a useful tool to describe the driving of large systems close to equilibrium, fluctuations dominate the distribution of heat and work in small systems and far from equilibrium. We study the heat generated by driving a…
Probes that measure the local thermal properties of systems out of equilibrium are emerging as new tools in the study of nanoscale systems. One can then measure the temperature of a probe that is weakly coupled to a bias-driven system. By…
We investigate various possible definitions of an effective temperature for a particularly simple nonequilibrium stationary system, namely a heated Brownian particle suspended in a fluid. The effective temperature based on the fluctuation…
We discuss the possibility of defining an emergent local temperature in extended quantum many-body systems evolving out of equilibrium. For the most simple case of free-fermionic systems, we give an explicit formula for the effective…
We investigate non-equilibrium behavior of driven dissipative systems, using the model presented in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 240601 (2004)]. We solve the non-Boltzmann steady state energy distribution and the temporal evolution to it, and find…
Quantum criticality has attracted considerable attention both theoretically and experimentally as a way to describe part of the phase diagram of strongly correlated systems. A scale-invariant fluctuation spectrum at a quantum critical point…
We consider blocks of quantum spins in a chain at thermal equilibrium, focusing on their properties from a thermodynamical perspective. Whereas in classical systems the temperature behaves as an intensive magnitude, a deviation from this…
Using simulations of glassy systems under steady-state shear, we compare effective temperatures obtained from static linear response with those from time-dependent fluctuation-dissipation relations. Although these two definitions are not…