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In self-assembling systems, geometric frustration leads to complex states characterized by internal gradients of shape misfit. Frustrated assemblies have drawn recent interest due to the unique possibility that their thermodynamics can…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-08-08 Nicholas W. Hackney , Christopher Amey , Gregory M. Grason

We review some recent results related to the self-assembly of infinite structures in the Tile Assembly Model. These results include impossibility results, as well as novel tile assembly systems in which shapes and patterns that represent…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-06-19 Matthew J. Patitz , Scott M. Summers

We analyze the number of tile types $t$, bins $b$, and stages necessary to assemble $n \times n$ squares and scaled shapes in the staged tile assembly model. For $n \times n$ squares, we prove $\mathcal{O}(\frac{\log{n} - tb - t\log t}{b^2}…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-09-14 Cameron Chalk , Eric Martinez , Robert Schweller , Luis Vega , Andrew Winslow , Tim Wylie

Winfree (1998) showed that discrete Sierpinski triangles can self-assemble in the Tile Assembly Model. A striking molecular realization of this self-assembly, using DNA tiles a few nanometers long and verifying the results by atomic-force…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-03-11 James I. Lathrop , Jack H. Lutz , Scott M. Summers

Simulated annealing is an effective and general means of optimization. It is in fact inspired by metallurgy, where the temperature of a material determines its behavior in thermodynamics. Likewise, in simulated annealing, the actions that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Avrim Blum , Chen Dan , Saeed Seddighin

The rapid progress in precisely designing the surface decoration of patchy colloidal particles offers a new, yet unexperienced freedom to create building entities for larger, more complex structures in soft matter systems. However, it is…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-06-14 G. Doppelbauer , E. G. Noya , E. Bianchi , G. Kahl

Self-assembly is a ubiquitous process in synthetic and biological systems, broadly defined as the spontaneous organization of multiple subunits (e.g. macromolecules, particles) into ordered multi-unit structures. The vast majority of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-08-08 Michael F. Hagan , Gregory M. Grason

We present an active tile assembly model which extends Winfree's abstract tile assembly model to tiles that are capable of transmitting and receiving binding site activation signals. In addition, we introduce a mathematical framework to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2012-11-14 Natasha Jonoska , Daria Karpenko

A limitation to molecular implementations of tile-based self-assembly systems is the high rate of mismatch errors which has been observed to be between 1% and 10%. Controlling the physical conditions of the system to reduce this intrinsic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Brad Shutters , Timothy P. Hartke , Robert J. Sammelson

In this paper we present a model containing modifications to the Signal-passing Tile Assembly Model (STAM), a tile-based self-assembly model whose tiles are capable of activating and deactivating glues based on the binding of other glues.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Andrew Alseth , Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

In geometrically frustrated assemblies, equilibrium self-limitation manifests in the form of a minimum in the free energy per subunit at a finite, multi-subunit size which results from the competition between the elastic costs of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-08-15 Michael Wang , Gregory Grason

In the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) square tiles self-assemble, autonomously binding via glues on their edges, to form structures. Algorithmic aTAM systems can be designed in which the patterns of tile attachments are forced to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Andrew Alseth , Matthew J. Patitz

If particles interact according to isotropic pair potentials that favor multiple length scales, in principle a large variety of different complex structures can be achieved by self-assembly. We present, motivate, and discuss a conjecture…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-11-07 Erdal C. Oğuz , Aleksandar Mijailović , Michael Schmiedeberg

Algorithmic self-assembly occurs when disorganized components autonomously combine to form structures and, by their design and the dynamics of the system, are forced to follow the execution of algorithms. Motivated by applications in…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

Spontaneous self-assembly in molecular systems is a fundamental route to both biological and engineered soft matter. Simple micellisation, emulsion formation, and polymer mixing principles are well understood. However, the principles behind…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-09-21 Alberto Scacchi , Sousa Javan Nikkhah , Maria Sammalkorpi , Tapio Ala-Nissila

In a recent paper ["Cluster Model of Decagonal Tilings" (to be published in Phys. Rev. B)], we have introduced a cluster model for decagonal tilings in two dimensions. This model is now extended to three dimensions. Two-dimensional tilings…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael Reichert , Franz Gähler

Self-assembly materials are traditionally designed so that molecular or meso-scale components form a single kind of large structure. Here, we propose a scheme to create "multifarious assembly mixtures", which self-assemble many different…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-06-22 Arvind Murugan , Zorana Zeravcic , Michael P. Brenner , Stanislas Leibler

Multimodal structures in the sampling density (e.g. two competing phases) can be a serious problem for traditional Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), because correct sampling of the different structures can only be guaranteed for infinite…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Daghofer , M. Konegger , H. G. Evertz , W. von der Linden

Algorithmic self-assembly, a generalization of crystal growth processes, has been proposed as a mechanism for autonomous DNA computation and for bottom-up fabrication of complex nanostructures. A `program' for growing a desired structure…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-01-08 Rebecca Schulman , Erik Winfree

Motivated by recent experimental findings in chemical synthesis of colloidal particles, we draw an analogy between self-assembly processes occurring in biological systems (e.g. protein folding) and a new exciting possibility in the field of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-02-14 Achille Giacometti