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In this paper, we propose how to construct a reconciliation method for the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol. Theoretically, it is unconditionally secure because it is based on the quantum laws of physics, rather than the assumed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Nedra Benletaief , Houria Rezig , Ammar Bouallegue

Identifying the best families of quantum error correction (QEC) codes for near-term experiments is key to enabling fault-tolerant quantum computing. Ideally, such codes should have low overhead in qubit number, high physical error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-17 Laura Pecorari , Guido Pupillo

Historically, the focus in entanglement distillation has predominantly been on the distillable entanglement, and the framework assumes complete knowledge of the initial state. In this paper, we study the reliability function of entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Zhiwen Lin , Ke Li , Kun Fang

A feasible route towards implementing long-distance quantum key distribution (QKD) systems relies on probabilistic schemes for entanglement distribution and swapping as proposed in the work of Duan, Lukin, Cirac, and Zoller (DLCZ) [Nature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Jeyran Amirloo , Mohsen Razavi , A. Hamed Majedi

The design of low-density parity-check (LDPC) code ensembles optimized for a finite number of decoder iterations is investigated. Our approach employs EXIT chart analysis and differential evolution to design such ensembles for the binary…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Ian P. Mulholland , Enrico Paolini , Mark F. Flanagan

High-rate entanglement generation is essential for the realization of practical quantum repeaters. To this end, frequency multiplexing of the photons employed is an effective approach. In particular, schemes using cavity-enhanced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Ryoma Komatsudaira , Tomoyuki Horikiri

Post-selection strategies that discard low-confidence computational results can significantly improve the effective fidelity of quantum error correction at the cost of reduced acceptance rates, which can be particularly useful for offline…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Seok-Hyung Lee , Lucas H. English , Stephen D. Bartlett

High-fidelity quantum entanglement enables key quantum networking capabilities such as secure communication and distributed quantum computing, but long-distance entanglement distribution is limited by noise and loss. Entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Andi Gu , Lorenzo Leone , Kenneth Goodenough , Sumeet Khatri

We adopt the beam splitter model for losses to analyse the performance of a recent compact continuous-variable entanglement distillation protocol [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 060502, (2012)] implemented using realistic quantum memories. We show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-29 Levon Chakhmakhchyan , Stéphane Guérin , Joshua Nunn , Animesh Datta

The reliable provision of entangled qubits is an essential precondition in a variety of schemes for distributed quantum computing. This is challenged by multiple nuisances, such as errors during the transmission over quantum links, but also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Lorenzo Valentini , René Bødker Christensen , Petar Popovski , Marco Chiani

Quantum cryptography via key distribution mechanisms that utilize quantum entanglement between sender-receiver pairs will form the basis of future large-scale quantum networks. A key engineering challenge in such networks will be the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-14 Yixuan Xie , Jun Li , Robert Malaney , Jinhong Yuan

Near-term and early fault-tolerant quantum computing architectures are expected to exhibit highly non-uniform error rates. In particular, local operations within a chip can be substantially more reliable than operations connecting different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Elisa Bäumer Marty

The rate at which quantum communication tasks can be performed using direct transmission is fundamentally hindered by the channel loss. Quantum repeaters allow, in principle, to overcome these limitations, but their introduction necessarily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Kenneth Goodenough , David Elkouss , Stephanie Wehner

In this work, we develop a reduced complexity maximum likelihood (ML) decoder for quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes over erasures. Our decoder combines classical inactivation decoding, which integrates peeling with symbolic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Giulio Pech , Mert Gökduman , Hanwen Yao , Henry D. Pfister

We present an optimal probabilistic protocol to distill quantum coherence. Inspired by a specific entanglement distillation protocol, our main result yields a strictly incoherent operation that produces one of a family of maximally coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Gokhan Torun , Ludovico Lami , Gerardo Adesso , Ali Yildiz

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes are among the most promising candidates for future quantum error correction schemes. However, a limited number of short to moderate-length QLDPC codes have been designed and their decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Sisi Miao , Jonathan Mandelbaum , Holger Jäkel , Laurent Schmalen

Reconciliation is an important step to correct errors in Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). In QKD, after comparing basis, two legitimate parties possess two correlative keys which have some differences and they could obtain identical keys…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-28 Zhengchao Wei , Zhi Ma

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes are promising candidates for error correction in quantum computers. One of the major challenges in implementing QLDPC codes in quantum computers is the lack of a universal decoder. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Sisi Miao , Alexander Schnerring , Haizheng Li , Laurent Schmalen

Quantum repeaters are essential for achieving long-distance quantum communication due to photon loss, which grows exponentially with the channel distance. Current quantum repeater generations use entanglement distillation protocols, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Iftach Yakar , Michael Ben-Or

High-fidelity quantum entanglement is a key resource for quantum communication and distributed quantum computing, enabling quantum state teleportation, dense coding, and quantum encryption. Any sources of decoherence in the communication…