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We study the problem of polynomial identity testing (PIT) for depth 2 arithmetic circuits over matrix algebra. We show that identity testing of depth 3 (Sigma-Pi-Sigma) arithmetic circuits over a field F is polynomial time equivalent to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-09-08 Chandan Saha , Ramprasad Saptharishi , Nitin Saxena

We provide new results for computing and comparing the quantum gate fidelity of quantum channels via their Choi matrices. We extend recent work that showed there exist non-dual pairs of quantum channels with equal gate fidelity by providing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-06 Nathaniel Johnston , David W. Kribs

Realizing a conceptual quantum algorithm on an actual physical device necessitates the algorithm's quantum circuit description to undergo certain transformations in order to adhere to all constraints imposed by the hardware. In this regard,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 Lukas Burgholzer , Rudy Raymond , Robert Wille

We construct a constant-round zero-knowledge classical argument for NP secure against quantum attacks. We assume the existence of Quantum Fully-Homomorphic Encryption and other standard primitives, known based on the Learning with Errors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 Nir Bitansky , Omri Shmueli

Current implementations of quantum logic gates can be highly faulty and introduce errors. In order to correct these errors, it is necessary to first identify the faulty gates. We demonstrate a procedure to diagnose where gate faults occur…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-20 Margarite L. LaBorde , Allee C. Rogers , Jonathan P. Dowling

Recent years have seen rapid development in the subject of quantum coding theory, with breakthroughs on many exciting classes of codes, including quantum LDPC codes, quantum locally testable codes, and quantum codes with interesting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Adam Wills , Ting-Chun Lin , Rachel Yun Zhang , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

A quantum circuit is generalized to a nonunitary one whose constituents are nonunitary gates operated by quantum measurement. It is shown that a specific type of one-qubit nonunitary gates, the controlled-NOT gate, as well as all one-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-11 Hiroaki Terashima , Masahito Ueda

We provide several advances to the understanding of the class of Quantum Merlin-Arthur proof systems (QMA), the quantum analogue of NP. Our central contribution is proving a longstanding conjecture that the Consistency of Local Density…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-13 Anne Broadbent , Alex B. Grilo

We introduce a new paradigm for analysing and finding bugs in quantum circuits. In our approach, the problem is given by a triple $\{P\}\,C\,\{Q\}$ and the question is whether, given a set $P$ of quantum states on the input of a circuit…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Yu-Fang Chen , Kai-Min Chung , Ondřej Lengál , Jyun-Ao Lin , Wei-Lun Tsai , Di-De Yen

Efficient verification of the functioning of quantum devices is a key to the development of quantum technologies, but is a daunting task as the system size increases. Here we propose a simple and general framework for verifying unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-17 Huangjun Zhu , Haoyu Zhang

It is widely accepted that noisy quantum devices are limited to logarithmic depth circuits unless mid-circuit measurements and error correction are employed. However, this conclusion holds only for unital error channels, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-08 Oles Shtanko , Kunal Sharma

Rapid advancement in the domain of quantum technologies has opened up researchers to the real possibility of experimenting with quantum circuits and simulating small-scale quantum programs. Nevertheless, the quality of currently available…

Solitude verification is arguably one of the simplest fundamental problems in distributed computing, where the goal is to verify that there is a unique contender in a network. This paper devises a quantum algorithm that exactly solves the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Seiichiro Tani

We present authorized quantum computation, where only a user with a non-cloneable quantum authorization key can perform a unitary operation created by an authenticated programmer. The security of our authorized quantum computation is based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-13 Yu Tanaka , Mio Murao

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices fail to produce outputs with sufficient fidelity for deep circuits with many gates today. Such devices suffer from read-out, multi-qubit gate and crosstalk noise combined with short…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-15 Ellis Wilson , Frank Mueller , Lindsay Bassman , Constin Iancu

Designing quantum processors is a complex task that demands advanced verification methods to ensure their correct functionality. However, traditional methods of comprehensively verifying quantum devices, such as quantum process tomography,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Keren Li , Peng Yan , Hanru Jiang , Nengkun Yu

The Local Hamiltonian problem (finding the ground state energy of a quantum system) is known to be QMA-complete. The Local Consistency problem (deciding whether descriptions of small pieces of a quantum system are consistent) is also known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-12-17 Yi-Kai Liu

Question Answering (QA) has proved to be an arduous challenge in the area of natural language processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI). Many attempts have been made to develop complete solutions for QA as well as improving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Pragya Katyayan , Nisheeth Joshi

QMA (Quantum Merlin Arthur) is the class of problems which, though potentially hard to solve, have a quantum solution which can be verified efficiently using a quantum computer. It thus forms a natural quantum version of the classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-02 Tomoyuki Morimae , Daniel Nagaj , Norbert Schuch

Verifying equivalence between two quantum circuits is a hard problem, that is nonetheless crucial in compiling and optimizing quantum algorithms for real-world devices. This paper gives a Turing reduction of the (universal) quantum circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-28 Jingyi Mei , Tim Coopmans , Marcello Bonsangue , Alfons Laarman