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In the effort to develop useful quantum computers simulating quantum machines with conventional computing resources is a key capability. Such simulations will always face limits preventing the emulation of quantum computers of substantial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-20 Xiaosi Xu , Simon Benjamin , Jinzhao Sun , Xiao Yuan , Pan Zhang

Simulating quantum algorithms with classical resources generally requires exponential resources. However, heuristic classical approaches are often very efficient in approximately simulating special circuit structures, for example with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-17 Bjarni Jónsson , Bela Bauer , Giuseppe Carleo

We show that a classical algorithm efficiently simulating the modular exponentiation circuit, for certain product state input and with measurements in a general product state basis at the output, can efficiently simulate Shor's factoring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Nadav Yoran , Anthony J. Short

We demonstrate that locally connected networks of machines that have primitive learning capabilities can be used to perform a deterministic, event-based simulation of quantum computation. We present simulation results for basic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Michielsen , K. De Raedt , H. De Raedt

We provide numerical evidence that the quantum Fourier transform can be efficiently represented in a matrix product operator with a size growing relatively slowly with the number of qubits. Additionally, we numerically show that the tensors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-05 Kieran J. Woolfe , Charles D. Hill , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

While quantum simulation is one of the most promising applications of modern quantum devices, accessible simulation times are fundamentally limited by finite coherence times due to omnipresent noise. Based on the ideas of relational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Sebastian Gemsheim , Felix Fritzsch

Quantum computers are promising tools for simulating many-body quantum systems due to their potential scaling advantage over classical computers. While significant effort has been expended on many-fermion systems, here we simulate a model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-17 Yuchen Wang , LeeAnn M. Sager-Smith , David A. Mazziotti

If a large Quantum Computer (QC) existed today, what type of physical problems could we efficiently simulate on it that we could not simulate on a classical Turing machine? In this paper we argue that a QC could solve some relevant physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Rolando Somma , Gerardo Ortiz , Emanuel Knill , James Gubernatis

A phase-space approach is used and benchmarked for the simulation of the continuous-time evolution of large registers of qubits. It is based on a statistical ensemble of independent mean-field trajectories, where mean field is introduced at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Christian de Correc , Denis Lacroix , Corentin Bertrand

Quantum simulators, machines that can replicate the dynamics of quantum systems, are being built as useful devices and are seen as a stepping stone to universal quantum computers. A key difference between the two is that computers have the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-09 Benjamin Dive , Alexander Pitchford , Florian Mintert , Daniel Burgarth

We develop and analyze a method for simulating quantum circuits on classical computers by representing quantum states as rooted tree tensor networks. Our algorithm first determines a suitable, fixed tree structure adapted to the expected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-05 Philipp Seitz , Ismael Medina , Esther Cruz , Qunsheng Huang , Christian B. Mendl

Quantum instruments describe both the classical outcome and the updated state associated with a quantum measurement. We ask whether these processes can be simulated using only a natural subset of resources, namely projective measurements on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Shishir Khandelwal , Armin Tavakoli

We present a comprehensive study of quantum simulation methods and quantum simulators for classical computers. We first study an exhaustive set of 150+ simulators and quantum libraries. Then, we short-list the simulators that are actively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-29 Kieran Young , Marcus Scese , Ali Ebnenasir

We develop a means of simulating the evolution and measurement of a multipartite quantum state under discrete or continuous evolution using another quantum system with states and operators lying in a real Hilbert space. This extends…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-26 Matthew McKague , Michele Mosca , Nicolas Gisin

In the recent years, numerous research advancements have extended the limit of classical simulation of quantum algorithms. Although, most of the state-of-the-art classical simulators are only limited to binary quantum systems, which…

Classical simulation of quantum computation has often been viewed as the method to determine where the horizon of quantum supremacy is located---that is, where quantum computation can no longer be simulated by classical methods. As of now,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-21 Andrew Shi

Quantum subspace methods (QSMs) are a class of quantum computing algorithms where the time-independent Schrodinger equation for a quantum system is projected onto a subspace of the underlying Hilbert space. This projection transforms the…

The simulation of complex quantum systems on a quantum computer is studied, taking the kicked Harper model as an example. This well-studied system has a rich variety of dynamical behavior depending on parameters, displays interesting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Benjamin Levi , Bertrand Georgeot

The simulation of quantum systems is one of the most promising applications of quantum computers. In this paper we present a quantum algorithm to perform digital quantum simulations of the BCS model on a quantum register with a star shaped…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-21 Jannis Ruh , Regina Finsterhoelzl , Guido Burkard

A recently introduced classical simulation method for universal quantum computation with magic states operates by repeated sampling from probability functions [M. Zurel et al. PRL 260404 (2020)]. This method is closely related to sampling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-05 Michael Zurel , Cihan Okay , Robert Raussendorf
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