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We discuss the turbulent structure and dynamics of the upper solar convection zone using a 3D radiative hydrodynamic simulation model at 45 degrees latitude. The model reveals the self-formation of meridional flows, the leptocline, and the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-04 Irina N. Kitiashvili , Alan A. Wray

We study the emergence of magnetic flux from the near-surface layers of the solar convection zone into the photosphere. To model magnetic flux emergence, we carried out a set of numerical radiative magnetohydrodynamics simulations. Our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Mark Chun Ming Cheung , Manfred Schuessler , Fernando Moreno-Insertis

Advanced 3D radiative MHD simulations now reproduce many properties of the outer solar atmosphere. When including a domain from the convection zone into the corona, a hot chromosphere and corona are self-consistently maintained. Here we…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-07 Viggo Hansteen , Nuno Guerreiro , Bart De Pontieu , Mats Carlsson

We analyze spectral properties of solar convection in the range of depths from 0 to 19~Mm using subsurface flow maps obtained by the time-distance heiioseismology analysis of solar-oscillation data from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-01 Alexander V. Getling , Alexander G. Kosovichev

The convectively driven, weakly magnetized regions of the solar photosphere dominate the Sun's surface at any given time, but the temporal variations of these quiet regions of the photosphere throughout the solar cycle are still not well…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-05 James Crowley , Ivan Milic , Gianna Cauzzi , Kevin Reardon

We investigate how rotationally-constrained, deep convection might give rise to supergranulation, the largest distinct spatial scale of convection observed in the solar photosphere. While supergranulation is only weakly influenced by…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-19 Nicholas A. Featherstone , Bradley W. Hindman

We review recent insights into the dynamics of the solar convection zone obtained from global numerical simulations, focusing on two recent developments in particular. The first is quasi-cyclic magnetic activity in a long-duration dynamo…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Mark S. Miesch , Benjamin P. Brown , Matthew K. Browning , Allan Sacha Brun , Juri Toomre

Comprehending the manner in which magnetic fields affect propagating waves is a first step toward constructing accurate helioseismic models of active region sub-surface structure and dynamics. Here, we present a numerical method to compute…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Shravan M. Hanasoge

We present results of large-scale three-dimensional simulations of weakly magnetized supersonic turbulence at grid resolutions up to 1024^3 cells. Our numerical experiments are carried out with the Piecewise Parabolic Method on a Local…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-08-13 Alexei G. Kritsuk , Sergey D. Ustyugov , Michael L. Norman , Paolo Padoan

Surface granulation of the Sun is primarily a consequence of thermal transport in the outer 1 % of the radius. Its typical scale of about 1 - 2 Mm is set by the balance between convection, free-streaming radiation, and the strong density…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Shravan M. Hanasoge , Katepalli R. Sreenivasan

Finding low-mass planets around solar-type stars requires to understand the physical variability of the host star, which greatly exceeds the planet-induced radial-velocity modulation. Different solar photospheric absorption lines have…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-16 Dainis Dravins , Hans-Günter Ludwig , Matthias Steffen , Carlos Allende Prieto , Lars Koesterke

We present 3-D hydrodynamical simulations of core convection with a stably stratified envelope of a \unit{25}{\Msun} star in the early phase of the main-sequence. We use the explicit gas-dynamics code \code{PPMstar} which tracks two fluids…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-13 Huaqing Mao , Paul Woodward , Falk Herwig , Pavel A. Denissenkov , Simon Blouin , William Thompson , Benjamin McDermott

The eddy viscosity in the solar supergranulation layer is derived from the observed rotational shear by computing theoretical rotation laws for the outermost parts of the solar convection zone using the results from numerical simulations of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-16 G. Rüdiger , M. Küker

We carry out a magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of convective dynamo in the rotating solar convective envelope driven by the solar radiative diffusive heat flux. The simulation is similar to that reported in Fan & Fang (2014) but with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-12 Yuhong Fan , Fang Fang

The current dynamo paradigm for the Sun and sun-like stars places the generation site for strong toroidal magnetic structures deep in the solar interior. Sunspots and star-spots on sun-like stars are believed to arise when sections of these…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Nicholas J. Nelson , Benjamin P. Brown , Allan Sacha Brun , Mark S. Miesch , Juri Toomre

Regions of quiet Sun generally exhibit a complex distribution of small-scale magnetic field structures, which interact with the near-surface turbulent convective motions. Furthermore, it is probable that some of these magnetic fields are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Paul J. Bushby , Benjamin Favier

Context. On the sun, the magnetic field vector is measured routinely only in the photosphere. By using these photospheric measurements as boundary condition, we developed the magnetohydrostatic (MHS) extrapolation to model the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-20 Xiaoshuai Zhu , Thomas Wiegelmann

Aims. We use magnetic and non-magnetic 3D numerical simulations of solar granulation and G-band radiative diagnostics from the resulting models to analyse the generation of small-scale vortex motions in the solar photosphere. Methods.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 S. Shelyag , P. Keys , M. Mathioudakis , F. P. Keenan

Various models of solar sub-surface stratification are tested in the global EULAG-MHD solver to simulate diverse regimes of near-surface convective transport. Sub- and superadiabacity are altered at the surface of the model ($ r >…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-19 Andrey M. Stejko , Gustavo Guerrero , Alexander G. Kosovichev , Piotr K. Smolarkiewicz

The development of 2D and 3D simulations of solar convection has lead to a picture of convection quite unlike the usually assumed Kolmogorov spectrum turbulent flow. We investigate the impact of this changed structure on the dissipation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-14 Kaloyan Penev , Dimitar Sasselov , Frank Robinson , Pierre Demarque