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There currently exist many observations which are not consistent with the cosmological principle. We review these observations with a particular emphasis on those relevant for Square Kilometre Array (SKA). In particular, several different…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-03 Shamik Ghosh , Pankaj Jain , Gopal Kashyap , Rahul Kothari , Sharvari Nadkarni-Ghosh , Prabhakar Tiwari

The disagreement between low- and high-redshift measurements of the Hubble parameter is emerging as a serious challenge to the standard model of cosmology. We develop a covariant cosmographic analysis of the Hubble parameter in a general…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-13 Roy Maartens , Jessica Santiago , Chris Clarkson , Basheer Kalbouneh , Christian Marinoni

Mergers of stellar-mass black holes on highly eccentric orbits are among the targets for ground-based gravitational-wave detectors, including LIGO, VIRGO, and KAGRA. These sources may commonly form through gravitational-wave emission in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-03-21 László Gondán , Bence Kocsis , Péter Raffai , Zsolt Frei

We analyze the secular evolution of hierarchical triple systems to second-order in the quadrupolar perturbation induced on the inner binary by the distant third body. The Newtonian three-body equations of motion, expanded in powers of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-10 Clifford M. Will

A model of Universe with a small eccentricity due to the presence of a magnetic field at the decoupling time (i.e. an Ellipsoidal Universe) has been recently proposed for the solution of the low quadrupole anomaly of the angular power…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Alessandro Gruppuso

In this paper, based on a 2.29 GHz VLBI all-sky survey of 613 milliarcsecond ultra-compact radio sources with $0.0035<z<3.787$, we describe a method of identifying the sub-sample which can serve as individual standard rulers in cosmology.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-08 Shuo Cao , Marek Biesiada , John Jackson , Xiaogang Zheng , Yuhang Zhao , Zong-Hong Zhu

In this study the effects of a non-zero cosmological constant $\Lambda$ on a quadrupole signal are studied. The linearized approximation of general relativity was used, so the metric can be written as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-12 L. A. Somlai

Gravitational-wave (GW) observations of binary black-hole (BBH) coalescences are expected to address outstanding questions in astrophysics, cosmology, and fundamental physics. Realizing the full discovery potential of upcoming…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-11 Arnab Dhani , Sebastian H. Völkel , Alessandra Buonanno , Hector Estelles , Jonathan Gair , Harald P. Pfeiffer , Lorenzo Pompili , Alexandre Toubiana

Astrometric accuracy of complex modern VLBI arrays cannot be calculated analytically. We study the astrometric accuracy of phase-referenced VLBI observations for the VLBA, EVN and global VLBI array by simulating VLBI data for targets at…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 N. Pradel , P. Charlot , J. -F. Lestrade

We study the impact of gravitational wave memory on the distribution of far away light sources in the sky. For the first time we compute the built up of small, but permanent tensor distortions of the metric over cosmological time-scales…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-05 Tore Boybeyi , Vuk Mandic , Alexandros Papageorgiou

Symmetric extragalactic radio sources exhibit a baffling array of features - the remarkable symmetry between the two lobes, the emission in the radio frequency range, well collimated jets, core regions emitting blue and ultraviolet light,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Manoj Thulasidas

Gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences (CBCs) offer insights into the universe expansion. The spectral siren method, used without electromagnetic counterparts (EMC), infers cosmic expansion (Hubble constant) by relating…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-28 Grégoire Pierra

Accurate alignment of the radio and optical celestial reference frames requires detailed understanding of physical factors that may cause offsets between the positions of the same object measured in different spectral bands. Opacity in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-07-21 Y. Y. Kovalev , A. P. Lobanov , A. B. Pushkarev , J. A. Zensus

The influence of proper motions of sources due to Galactic aberration on precession models based on VLBI data is determined. Comparisons of the linear trends in the coordinates of the celestial pole obtained with and without taking into…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-05 Z. M. Malkin

Precision cosmology is crucial to understand the different energy components in the Universe and their evolution through cosmic time. Gravitational wave sources are standard sirens that can accurately map out distances in the Universe.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-27 Arnab Dhani , Ssohrab Borhanian , Anuradha Gupta , Bangalore Sathyaprakash

Geodetic and astrometric VLBI has entered a new era with the implementation of the VLBI Global Observing System (VGOS). These broadband and dual linear polarization observations aim at an accuracy of station coordinates of 1 mm and a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-10 F. Jaron , L. Baldreich , J. Böhm , P. Charlot , A. Collioud , J. Gruber , H. Krásná , I. Martí-Vidal , A. Nothnagel , V. Pérez-Díez

The presence of a gravitational wave background (GWB) can be established not only via exquisitely precise pulsar timing array (PTA) measurements, but also via astrometric observations. Indeed, the very same background responsible for the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-17 Gabriele Perna , Nicola Bellomo , Vincenzo Roatti , Daniele Bertacca

Recent observations of Cepheids in the Virgo cluster have bolstered the evidence that supports a Hubble constant in 70-90 km/s/Mpc range. This evidence, by and large, probes the expansion of the Universe within 100 Mpc. We investigate the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Xiangdong Shi , Lawrence M. Widrow , L. Jonathan Dursi

We analyze the propagation of gravitational waves in a medium containing bounded subsystems ("molecules"), able to induce significant Macroscopic Gravity effects. We establish a precise constitutive relation between the average quadrupole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-26 Giovanni Montani , Fabio Moretti

The light from a source at a distance d will arrive at detectors separated by 100 AU at times that differ by as much as 120 (d/100 Mpc)^{-1} nanoseconds because of the curvature of the wavefront. At gigahertz frequencies, the arrival time…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-10 Kyle Boone , Matthew McQuinn